STAFF VERSUS STAFF

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寫真少林棍法
AN AUTHENTIC DESCRIPTION OF SHAOLIN STAFF METHODS
姜容樵
by Jiang Rongqiao
[published Jan, 1930]

[translation by Paul Brennan, Nov, 2018]

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少林宗法
Herein lies authentic Shaolin methods.
于右任
– [calligraphy by] Yu Youren

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制梃可撻
“With a stick, you can beat [an army.]” [paraphrasing from Mengzi, chapter 1a]
張占魁題
– calligraphy by Zhang Zhankui

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闡明國術
He brings clarity to our martial arts.
章南村題
– calligraphy by Zhang Nancun

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序一
1st PREFACE [BY HAN MUXIA]

余友姜君容樵。編輯尚武叢書。第八種。羣羊棍。旣脫稿。問序於余。余攷棍之名最晚出。如六韜之言棓。孟子之言梃。吳晉諸史。曁北魏書。或曰棓。或曰棒。至隋末。流賊萬人。將近少林。以寺僧精棍法。乃退賊。又唐太宗。嘗用僧衆。以棍破王世充軍。此棍之見於隋唐間史册。斑斑可考者。明戚少保。紀效新書。列棍法於劍經中。此又棍之與劍相通者。蓋短兵相接。器械之便。莫過於棍。棍之用亦大矣哉。自斯世以火器相競勝。國人乃移其目光於器械之良窳。而寖寖喪失其固有之國技。卒之國日以衰。民日以弱。豈不大可哀乎。今此篇內容。凡棍法之源流。及祕訣。與棍法對擊。棍法進槍。棍法名人之軼事。棍法釋義。悉盡情披露。將使學者。由淺以入深。因近以求遠。而制梃可撻之道。胥於是乎在。余故樂為書之。
民國十八年五月旣望韓慕俠
My colleague Jiang Rongqiao has compiled the eighth book in his Shangwu [“Esteeming the Martial”] Book Series: Shepherd’s Staff. After he completed the manuscript, he asked me to write a preface for it. I then examined old texts to seek out the earliest mentions of the weapon. In the Liu Tao it is referred to as a “club”. Mengzi referred to it as a “stick”. In the histories of both Wu and Jin, as well as the Books of Northern Wei, it is sometimes a “club”, sometimes a “cudgel”. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, countless roaming bandits had threatened the Shaolin Temple, and it was monks who were experts at staff methods that repelled them. In the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong once made use of Buddhist monks, who used staffs to defeat the army of Wang Shichong. Thus the “staff” is to be found in the annals of Sui and Tang.
　　There are also lessons to be studied in the New Book of Effective Methods by Qi Shaobao [Jiguang] of the Ming Dynasty, as well as [Yu Dayou’s] Sword Classic, in which there is a transposing of staff training for sword training. For fighting against short weapons, there is no weapon easier to use than a staff, and its usefulness is enormous. But now that we live in a world that fights with firearms, our countrymen have changed their minds about which weapons are of more worth. Gradually we have lost our inherent martial arts, and as a result our nation has weakened, our people more enfeebled by the day. Is this not a great pity?
　　Contained within this book are sections about the origins of the staff methods and the secrets of the art, demonstrations of a Staff Versus Staff set and a Staff Versus Spear set, anecdotes of famous staff masters [alas, there is no such section in the book], and explanations of the staff techniques. By revealing such a wealth of knowledge of the art, it enables students to go from the simple to the complex, to use what is near to seek what is far, thereby making the art accessible for all. Thus I am delighted to make this preface.
　　- [written by] Han Muxia, 16th day of the 5th lunar month [June 22], 1929

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序二
2nd PREFACE [BY WANG CANZHI]

余幼時酷喜閱英雄劍俠諸書。心竊慨然想見其為人。而頗以無師傳授為苦。某歲之夏。隨侍先祖母避暑鄕間別墅。覩其中陳列武器甚夥。斯時習武之心。不覺油然而生。繼探悉是鄕有許王二武術家。深通此道。乃請其每日至別墅敎授若干時。後因肄業星沙。遂乃中輟。迄余藏修滬濱。適陳微明。曁志進兩先生。創設致柔拳社於西摩路。專授太極拳劍等。余聞之不勝歡躍。時雖大雨傾盆。余冐雨而往。得晤陳志進先生。乃從學焉。習僅數月。宿疾頓瘳。益知武術功用之偉。為國人所必須學習之科。晚近以來。羣趨歐化。遂致固有之國術。日寖湮沒。吁可痛也。客歲滄縣姜容樵先生。創設尚武進德會於申江。敎授國技。余往請益。乃敎余以靑萍劍。先生為人激昂慷慨。有古俠士風。為武術界之先進。舉凡武術無所不精。鑒於人民體質之强弱。關乎國家之盛衰。以吾國之現狀。而武術尤不容緩。是故極力提倡。除日恆敎授外。又編輯尚武叢書。資國人之研究。今第八種為羣羊棍。將使全民悉變為武術化。其用意至為深遠。至於圖解之明瞭。文字之淺顯。猶其餘事。倘人手一編。奉為圭臬。他日以強身者強國。卽以雪吾國之積恥。豈難事哉。吾知是編一出。定能不脛而走。敢弁數言。藉誌景仰。
中華民國十八年五月桂芬王燦芝序於滬上俠廬
When I was young, I took obsessive delight in reading books about sword-wielding heroes. I ardently visualized these people in my mind, but suffered terribly from having no one to teach me how to be like them. Then one summer while I was serving as the attendant to my grandmother at her country villa, I witnessed a nearby exhibition involving many weapons, and in that moment the intention to practice martial arts spontaneously emerged in my mind. I then found out that there were two martial arts masters in the village, Xu and Wang, who had a deep understanding of these arts, and we hired them to give me daily instruction at the villa. But because I had to go off to Xingsha [in Hunan] for school, I had to quit these lessons.
　　Later when my studies took me to Shanghai, Chen Weiming and Chen Zhijin had recently established the Achieving Softness Boxing Society on the Ximo Road, where they were giving specialized instruction in Taiji Boxing and Taiji Sword. When I heard about this, I could not stop myself from jumping for joy. Despite there being a torrential downpour, I braved the rain and headed over to the school, where I got to meet Chen Zhijin and started learning from him. After just a few months of practice, chronic ailments I had been enduring vanished, convincing me of the potent effectiveness of martial arts training, and that it is a branch of study we should all be learning. In recent times, the masses have inclined toward Westernization. As a consequence of this, our martial arts are gradually slipping away into oblivion, and this fills me with anguish.
　　Last year, Jiang Rongqiao of Cang County [in Hebei] established the Shangwu Jinde [“Esteeming the Martial for the Advancement of Virtue”] Association in Shenjiang [old name for an area in Shanghai’s Minhang District] to teach martial arts. I went to him and asked for instruction, and then he taught me Qingping Sword. He is passionate about people, has an air about him of the ancient heroes, is one of the foremost names in the martial arts community, and is an expert in every kind of martial art. Realizing that the strength or weakness of the people will determine the flourishing or declining of the nation, he feels that the condition of our nation and our martial arts cannot be ignored any longer, and therefore he has been doing his utmost to promote these arts.
　　Beyond giving constant daily instruction, he has also been compiling the Shangwu Book Series to supply study materials for our compatriots, and he is now on the eighth volume of the series: Shepherd’s Staff. The intention is to transform the whole populace with martial arts, so profound and visionary is his purpose. And the fact that his explanations are so clear, written in language that is easy to understand, is a nice bonus. With this book in hand to hold up as a model, the strengthening of the body will lead to the strengthening of the nation, whereupon we will erase all of our humiliations with no difficulty. I know that when this book comes out, it will spread like wildfire, and I dare to say so to express my admiration for it.
　　- written by Ms. Wang Canzhi, called Guifen [daughter of the martyr 秋瑾 Qiu Jin, who was executed in 1907 (dubbed by Marie Laure de Shazer as the “Chinese Joan of Arc”)], at the Shanghai Heroes’ Lodge, May, 1929

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序三
3rd PREFACE [BY LAN JINRU]

吾國文化武術。向為世界各國所推崇。國人亦輒引為殊榮。迨至歐化東漸。趨時之士。號稱新學派而愛國者。乃莫不喜拾東西洋之餘唾。動以武器革新。及武士道炫人。馴致吾國數千年之國粹。日漸湮沒。言之曷勝慨嘆。余叔經畬公。幼好國術。研習有年。前歲宦遊歸來。與李芳辰先生。曁同鄕姜容樵先生。日夕過從。談劍論拳。余甚羨之。顧因幼年在籍所習之八極各拳。大半遺忘。故未敢冒昧請益。未幾容樵先生。約集同志。各解私囊。創辦尚武進德會。公推李芳辰先生為會長。張兆東。姚馥春。劉壽卿。分任敎務主任。副主任。各職。余蒙委會計兼文牘員。得隨諸先生後。晝夜練習。未半載。如太極。形意。童子功。以及舊日所習。皆能日臻純熟。漸見功效。其愉快為何如也。容樵先生鑒於提倡之道。尤須宣傳。故主編尚武叢書二十種。藉資闡揚。而便學者研究。嘉惠後學。誠非淺尠。茲第八種羣羊棍。行將脫稿。囑余助理棍進槍之一節。余慮不文。恐致隕越。遂約陳鳳岐。劉俊齡。二君。共同襄贊。始告厥成。然班門弄斧之譏。知所不免。所冀海內鴻達。幸辱敎焉。
民國十八年四月滄縣蘭鴻縉謹序
Our nation’s culture and martial arts had been praised by the other countries of the world, and our countrymen took pride in being so honored, but now Westernization has increasingly come our way. Those who go along with trends say this is just modern education, modern patriotism. They are happy to take whatever is offered by foreigners, and are moved to modernize to the weaponry of the West and are entranced by the Bushido of Japan. This has been taming us to the point that our nation’s culture, which has been around for several thousand years, is now falling each day further into oblivion. How can we keep ourselves from sighing with regret?
　　My uncle Jing Yugong has loved our martial arts since his youth and has trained in them for many years. Last year, he returned home from service [in the Northern Expedition], along with Li Fangchen and fellow villager Jiang Rongqiao. They spent their time together all day long, discussing sword arts and boxing theories. I was full of admiration for them, but because I had forgotten most of the Baji and other boxing arts that I had practiced in my youth, I was too embarrassed to ask them for instruction. But soon after, Jiang Rongqiao assembled his comrades and they each contributed from their own pockets to establish the Shangwu Jinde Association, proclaiming Li Jinglin as president, appointing Zhang Zhaodong, Yao Fuchun, and Liu Shouqing as director and deputy directors. I received the dual positions of bookkeeper and secretary and have since been learning from all of these gentlemen, practicing the material non-stop for not quite half a year now, learning things such as Taiji, Xingyi, and Tongzigong. Added to what I had previously learned, I have been constantly achieving a greater degree of skill, gradually seeing results that have made me very cheerful.
　　Jiang Rongqiao has noticed that promoting these arts particularly requires the publishing of books, and therefore he has been putting together some twenty volumes for the Shangwu Book Series in order to propagate information, facilitate study, and benefit the new generation of students, truly no meager contribution. This eighth volume in the series, Shepherd’s Staff, is almost complete. I was asked to assist by producing the Staff Versus Spear section. As I am not highly literate, I worried about making errors, so I recruited Chen Fengqi and Liu Junling to give me a hand and point out where I am making mistakes. I know there are spots where I have made a fool of myself, and I hope that experts throughout the nation will give me corrections.
　　- sincerely written by Lan Hongjin [Jinru] of Cang County [in Hebei], Apr, 1929

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自序
AUTHOR’S PREFACE

余編尚武叢書第八種。曰少林棍法。夫棍創自少林。盡人皆知。惟棍之發明。何者為先。何者為後。就為單習。抑為對擊。則又語焉不詳。按少林棍法。肇始於隋大業中。寺僧以棍破羣盜。由是遂以少林棍名天下。唐宋以來。代有傳人。其時所傳。僅順把十八棍。後發明陰把三十二棍。六十四棍。卽今之羣羊棍。齊眉棍。瘋魔棍。行者棍。等是也。迨元季至正間。紅軍圍少林。僧衆無以應。相傳有癩頭爨夫。出謂衆曰。惟請少安。匪衆我自禦之。乃持棍由灶筒突出。足跨兩山。現出萬丈金佛。以棍橫掃。紅軍辟易。而癩頭爨夫。倐焉不見。一僧謂衆曰。若知退紅軍者耶。乃緊那羅王化身也。余幼見習棍者。皆供南無大聖。緊那羅王菩薩。後詢余叔。始悉顚末。此固傳聞如是。或為此說者。假託神權。以堅其同門信仰之心者耶。攷吾鄕之棍法。曁天津所屬各縣。皆為孫通大師所傳。大師為有淸康雍乾間人。習藝少林。得其禪師親授。各藝皆通。尤擅棍法。能順把。陰把。獨習對擊者六宗。藝成隱居。授徒鄕間。聞靜海霍君元甲之先人。亦大師晚年所授。故其藝名震寰宇也。大師最得意之門生一人。曰陳善。餘者碌碌。無從稽考。自是陳善傳於長生。及其子陳廣智。廣智傳其姪玉山。曁余叔德泰公。和尚蓮闊。於長生傳李雨三等。玉山先生余姑丈也。余與表兄陳鳳奎。表弟陳鳳岐。陳鳳儀。劉俊齡。孫玉明。李元智。孫桂林。褚永興等。數十人。皆受自玉山先生之親傳也。爰將所學對擊之羣羊棍。棍進槍。編輯成册。資學者之研究。斯術皆為陰把對擊者。並倩蘭君晉如。劉君俊齡。表弟陳鳳岐。助理編成棍進槍。攝影繪圖。以公海內同好。竊謂棍法。為吾國固有之國技。方法密而效用宏。練習純熟。興味自濃。誠宜家自備置。人盡研習。強身可。禦侮可。卽以之衞國雪恥。亦無不可。此固編者所期望。能普及全民者也。
中華民國十八年五月滄縣姜容樵序
I have now compiled the eighth volume in the Shangwu Book Series: Shaolin Staff Methods. The staff art created at Shaolin is known to everyone, but as to what was invented first or later, solo practice or partner practice, this is not clear. Shaolin staff methods began during the reign of Emperor Yang [604–618] of the Sui Dynasty, in which the temple monks used staffs to defeat a group of bandits, and thereafter the Shaolin staff art became famous everywhere. It has been handed down ever since the dynasties of Tang and Song, but in those days it was comprised of only eighteen “natural grip” staff techniques [i.e. the center of the rear hand facing downward while the center of the front hand is facing upward, as with a spear]. Later innovations increased the number to thirty-two “downward grip” techniques [with the centers of both hands facing downward], then sixty-four, and nowadays we have the sets of Shepherd’s Staff, Eyebrow-Height Staff, Crazy-Demon Staff, Wandering Monk’s Staff, and so on.
　　In the Zhizheng era [1341–1368] of the Yuan Dynasty emperor Toghon Temür, the Red Turban Army surrounded the Shaolin Temple and the monks could do nothing about it. Tradition has it that a “scabies-scalped cook” came forth and said to the monks: “Don’t trouble yourselves, I’ll take care of it.” Then he grabbed a fire poker from the kitchen stove, which suddenly grew into a staff, and he charged out of the temple, bounding in strides that would leap over mountains. Showing himself to be a golden Buddha from beyond this world, he used his staff to sweep the soldiers aside. The Red Turbans fled and then the cook too had swiftly disappeared. A monk declared to the rest of them: “If he knows how to repel the Red Turban Army, then he must be the incarnation of a Kinnara King [Jinnaluo Wang].” In my youth, whenever I saw people practicing with staffs, they always evoked the great bodhisattva, Jinnaluo Wang. I later asked my uncles to explain the whole tale to me, and it was indeed passed down in this way. Perhaps such teachings were a means of imposing religious authority and solidifying belief in the hearts of disciples.
　　Upon investigating the staff methods in my home town, and those in the counties of Tianjin, I found they were all taught by Master Sun Tong. He lived during the reigns of the Qing Dynasty emperors Kangxi [1661–1722], Yongzheng [1722–1735], and Qianlong [1735–1796]. He practiced the arts of Shaolin, having been taught personally by a Zen master. He learned each art deeply, but was especially skilled at the staff art, capable with both the natural grip and downward grip, and at six sets of solo practice and partner practice. Having completed the art, he lived a secluded life, teaching students within his village. I have heard that Huo Yuanjia of the Jinghai District [in Tianjin] was also taught by Sun in his later years, and thereafter the art’s fame has shaken the world.
　　The student that the master was most proud of was Chen Shan, and the rest of them were just mediocre, although this cannot be verified. Chen Shan taught it to Yu Changsheng and to his son Chen Guangzhi. Chen Guangzhi then taught it his nephew Chen Yushan, my uncle Jiang Detai, and the monk Liankuo. Yu Changsheng taught it to Li Yusan. Chen Yushan is also an uncle of mine. I, together with my older cousin Chen Fengkui, my younger cousins Chen Fengqi and Chen Fengyi, as well as Liu Junling, Sun Yuming, Li Yuanzhi, Sun Guilin, Chu Yongxing, and dozens of others, all received personal instruction from Chen Yushan, who taught us the Two-Person Shepherd’s Staff set and a Staff Versus Spear set, both of which I have compiled into a book to supply students with study material for this art, which entirely involves downward-grip partner practice. I also asked Lan Jinru, Liu Junling, and my cousin Chen Fengqi to assist by making the Staff Versus Spear section, and produce the photographs for it, in order to share it throughout the nation with all those who are interested.
　　In my opinion, the staff art is our nation’s innate martial art. Its methods are meticulous and its effectiveness is vast. Once you have practiced it to the point of skillfulness, you will naturally get enormous pleasure from it. It is truly suitable for preparing the people and the self. Through ardent practice, it can be used to strengthen the body, resist aggression, defend our nation, and erase our humiliations, all of these things, and I truly hope that it can be spread to all of our people.
　　- written by Jiang Rongqiao of Cang County [in Hebei], May, 1929

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少林棍法總目
CONTENTS

第一章
Chapter One
　棍法之源流
　[Section 1] On the Origins of the Staff Art
　棍法之要訣
　[Section 2] Secrets of the Staff Art
　棍與槍之分別
　[Section 3] Differences Between Staff & Spear
　棍法之手眼身步
　[Section 4] The Staff Art’s Principles of Hands, Eyes, Body, and Footwork
　棍之材料及產地
　[Section 5] What Staff are Made of and Where the Material Comes From
　棍之尺寸及收藏法
　[Section 6] Measurements of Staffs and Methods of Storage
　少林棍路線方向圖
　[Section 7] Orientation Map for this Shaolin Staff Set
　少林棍歌
　[Section 8] Song for the Shaolin Staff Set
第二章　動作名稱
Chapter Two [Chapters 2–6]: The Movements of the Set by Name
　開門見山
　[1] OPEN THE GATE AND SEE THE MOUNTAINS
　二士爭功
　[2] TWO GENTLEMEN VIE FOR SUCCESS
　猴王出洞
　[3] MONKEY KING LEAVES THE CAVE
　懷中抱月
　[4] EMBRACE THE MOON
　拗步埋伏
　[5] AMBUSH IN A TWISTED STANCE
　雙旗交輝第一動作
　[6.1] TWIN BANNERS CROSS IN GLORY – Part 1
　雙旗交輝定式
　[6.2] TWIN BANNERS CROSS IN GLORY – Part 2
　野戰八方
　[7] BATTLE IN ALL DIRECTIONS
　背捧獻掌
　[8] CARRYING THE CUDGEL ON YOUR BACK, SHOW YOUR PALM
　金龍出水第一動作
　[9.1] GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER – Part 1
　金龍出水定式
　[9.2] GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER – Part 2
　海底撈月
　[10.1] TRYING TO SCOOP THE MOON’S REFLECTION FROM THE WATER – Part 1
　海底撈月變動式
　[10.2] TRYING TO SCOOP THE MOON’S REFLECTION FROM THE WATER – Part 2
　一枝雙花
　[11] ONE BRANCH WITH TWO FLOWERS
　囘馬投石
　[12] TURN THE HORSE TO THROW A STONE
第三章
Chapter Three
　顚倒陰陽第一動作
　[13.1] REVERSING PASSIVE & ACTIVE – Part 1
　顚倒陰陽定式
　[13.2] REVERSING PASSIVE & ACTIVE – Part 2
　披身貫頂
　[14] DRAPING THE BODY ALL THE WAY TO THE HEADTOP
　擎天捧月
　[15] HOLD UP THE SKY TO CARRY THE MOON
　漁翁撑篙
　[16] OLD FISHERMAN PUSHES OFF WITH THE PUNTING POLE
　二龍吐鬚
　[17] TWIN DRAGONS SPIT OUT THEIR BEARDS
　觔斗倒翻
　[18] ROLLING THE STAFFS OVER
　神棒趕山
　[19] MAGIC CUDGELS SEARCH THE HILLS
　槍棒交鋒
　[20] SPEAR & CUDGEL CLASHING
　流星趕月
　[21.1] METEOR CHASES THE MOON – Part 1
　流星趕月變動式
　[21.2] METEOR CHASES THE MOON – Part 2
　乞丐奔門
　[22] BEGGAR FLEES THROUGH THE GATE
　當頭棒喝第一動作
　[23.1] REBUKE HIM WITH A SUDDEN CUDGELING TO THE HEAD – Part 1
　當頭棒喝定式
　[23.2] REBUKE HIM WITH A SUDDEN CUDGELING TO THE HEAD – Part 2
　金槍刺脇
　[24] GOLDEN SPEAR STABS TO THE RIBS
第四章
Chapter Four
　連環蓋頂
　[25] CONTINUE INTO COVERING HIS HEAD
　雙龍奪珠
　[26] TWIN DRAGONS WRESTLING FOR A PEARL
　橫掃千軍
　[27] SWEEPING ASIDE A THOUSAND SOLDIERS
　鼎足分爭第一動作
　[28.1] THE FEET OF THE CAULDRON VIE FOR BALANCE – Part 1
　鼎足分爭定式
　[28.2] THE FEET OF THE CAULDRON VIE FOR BALANCE – Part 2
　金剛伏虎
　[29] ARHAT TAMES THE TIGER
　架海金樑
　[30] GOLDEN BRIDGE HOLDS BACK THE SEA
　靈貓捕鼠
　[31.1] QUICK CAT CATCHES THE MOUSE – Part 1
　靈貓捕鼠變動式
　[31.2] QUICK CAT CATCHES THE MOUSE – Part 2
　抽樑換柱
　[32] PULLING OUT A ROOF BEAM TO REPLACE A PILLAR
　猛虎翻身
　[33] FIERCE TIGER TURNS AROUND
　囘身埋伏第一動作
　[34.1] TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 1
　囘身埋伏第二動作
　[34.2] TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 2
　囘身埋伏定式
　[34.3] TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 3
　魚躍龍門
　[35] FISH LEAPS THE DRAGON GATE
第五章
Chapter Five
　赭龍攻地
　[36] RED DRAGON ATTACKS THE GROUND
　泰山壓頂
　[37] MT. TAI CRUSHES THE HEAD
　雀地圍籠
　[38] PUTTING A SPARROW IN A CAGE
　漁翁撒網
　[39] OLD FISHERMAN CASTS HIS NET
　再出岐山
　[40] DEPARTING AGAIN FROM MT. QI
　平地翻車第一動作
　[41.1] THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 1
　平地翻車第二動作
　[41.2] THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 2
　平地翻車定式
　[41.3] THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 3
　罡風穿堂第一動作
　[42.1] A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 1
　罡風穿堂第二動作
　[42.2] A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 2
　罡風穿堂定式
　[42.3] A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 3
　過關列陣
　[43] PASSING THROUGH THE GATE IN FORMATION
　三路進兵第一動作
　[44.1] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 1
　三路進兵第二動作
　[44.2] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 2
　三路進兵第三動作
　[44.3] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 3
第六章
Chapter Six
　三路進兵第四動作
　[44.4] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 4
　三路進兵第五動作
　[44.5] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 5
　三路進兵第六動作
　[44.6] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 6
　三路進兵第七動作
　[44.7] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 7
　三路進兵第八動作
　[44.8] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 8
　三路進兵定式
　[44.9] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 9
　二將退敵第一動作
　[45.1] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 1
　二將退敵第二動作
　[45.2] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 2
　二將退敵第三動作
　[45.3] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 3
　二將退敵第四動作
　[45.4] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 4
　二將退敵第五動作
　[45.5] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 5
　二將退敵定式
　[45.6] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 6
　青龍囘首第一動作
　[46.1] BLUE DRAGON TURNS ITS HEAD – Part 1
　青龍囘首定式
　[46.2] BLUE DRAGON TURNS ITS HEAD – Part 2
　防守中原
　[47] GUARDING THE CENTRAL PLAINS
第七章　棍進槍
Chapter Seven [Chapters 7–10]: Staff Versus Spear
　開門式　第一動作　第二動作　第三動作　第四動作　第五動作　第六動作　第七動作
　第八動作　第九動作　第十動作　第十一動作　第十二動作
　Movements 1–12
第八章
Chapter Eight
　第十三動作　第十四動作　第十五動作　第十六動作　第十七動作　第十八動作
　第十九動作　第二十動作　第二十一動作　第二十二動作　第二十三動作
　第二十四動作　第二十五動作
　Movements 13–25
第九章
Chapter Nine
　第二十六動作　第二十七動作　第二十八動作　第二十九動作　第三十動作
　第三十一動作　第三十二動作　第三十三動作　第三十四動作　第三十五動作
　第三十六動作　第三十七動作
　Movements 26–37
第十章
Chapter Ten
　第三十八動作　第三十九動作　第四十動作　第四十一動作　第四十二動作
　第四十三動作　第四十四動作　第四十五動作　第四十六動作　第四十七動作
　第四十八動作　第四十九動作　第五十動作
　Movements 38–50
第十一章　少林棍分疏
Chapter Eleven: Outline of the Shaolin Staff Set

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少林棍法
SHAOLIN STAFF METHODS

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第一章
CHAPTER ONE

棍法之源流
[Section 1] ON THE ORIGINS OF THE STAFF ART

棍法創始於周秦。遞嬗於漢晉。至隋唐宋諸朝而大盛。迨元季癩頭爨夫。以棍破紅軍於少林。而棍法以變。初創之順把棍。至是皆改用陰把。攷棍之名稱。周初曰棓。戰國曰梃。漢曰杖。晉隋曰棒。曰棍。唐季棍棒並存。宋太祖創陰把三十二棍。棒因以衰。明季棍法。盛行於天下。而戚南塘。尤能保持三十六棍之本來面目。實癩頭爨夫。破紅軍後之宣傳力也。淸季棍棒。並行於世。然棒仍不振。吾鄕自孫通大師。學藝少林。得棍法絕技六種。總名曰少林棍。分之曰。羣羊棍。瘋魔棍。齊眉棍。行者棍。（亦名行者棒）三路棍。六路棍。孫居少林二十年。故各藝亦獨精。昔時傳有棍法長歌一篇。約數百句。孫通得之於少林某禪師。余姑丈陳公玉山。曁余叔德泰公。均為孫四世嫡傳。故皆能背誦。時余年八九歲。記憶頗弱。僅記末句。為能破紅軍百萬兵云。其口氣雖似誇大。而當時斯術之聲勢。曁術家之豪氣。於此亦可見一斑。余現正設法。覓此少林嫡派之歌訣。俟覓得。當於再版時刊出。俾閱者依據參攷。於斯棍法不無小補也。
Staff methods began during the dynasties of Zhou and Qin, were gradually modified during the dynasties of Han and Jin, and became highly refined during the dynasties of Sui, Tang, and Song. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a “scabies-scalped cook” who used a staff to defeat soldiers of the Red Turban Army at the Shaolin Temple. The staff method then changed from the original natural-grip techniques to downward-grip techniques.
　　Let us examine what the staff has been called. In the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, it was called a “cudgel”. During the Warring States era, it was called a “stick”. In the Han Dynasty, it was called a “cane”. During the dynasties of Jin and Sui, it was called either a “cudgel” or a “staff”. By the end of the Tang Dynasty, “staff” and “cudgel” were interchangeable. The first emperor of the Song Dynasty created Downward-Grip Thirty-Six Staff Techniques, and the use of “cudgel” consequently went into decline. The staff art by the end of the Ming Dynasty was popular everywhere, and so Qi Nantang [Jiguang] was well-equipped to preserve the original features of the Thirty-Six Staff art [in his description of staff techniques in chapter 12 of New Book of Effective Methods]. This was indeed due to the vigor with which the art propagated after that cook defeated the Red Turbans. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the use of “staff” and “cudgel” existed equally, but then the use of “cudgel” again went into decline.
　　People in my hometown learned Shaolin skills from Master Sun Tong, who had a consummate skill in six kinds of staff sets, which collectively were called “Shaolin Staff”, but individually they were: Shepherd’s Staff, Crazy-Demon Staff, Eyebrow-Height Staff, Wandering Monk’s Staff (also called Wandering Monk’s Cudgel), Three-Line Staff, and Six-Line Staff. Sun had lived at the Shaolin Temple for twenty years, and therefore he also became unusually proficient in various other skills that were practiced there.
　　There used to be a long poem about the staff art which had about a hundred lines [as opposed to the one included further below which has only forty]. Sun Tong received it from a Zen master at the Shaolin Temple. My uncles Chen Yushan and Jiang Detai were both fourth-generation disciples of Sun’s teachings, and hence they had memorized every line of it. I was then only eight or nine years old, and so my memory of it has so weakened that I can only recall that the last lines were about being able to defeat countless soldiers of the Red Turban Army. Although it had an exaggerated tone, I could at that time catch from it a glimpse of this art’s prestige and the heroism of its masters. I am now in search of the authentic Shaolin poem. If I ever find it, I will have it published in a later edition of this book so that readers will be able to refer to it to aid their understanding of this staff art.

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棍法之要訣
[Section 2] SECRETS OF THE STAFF ART

斯編棍術之輯。期於實用。故凡關於棍法之源流。要訣。槍棍之分別。手、眼、身、步、法。棍之材料產地。棍之尺寸及收藏法。棍法路綫方向。棍法長歌。棍法分疏。無不備載。俾閱者開卷。一目瞭然。按斯術在初傳時。僅有八字祕訣。後人增為十二字。今則逐漸增至二十三字。曰劈、掃、剉、撲、攔、掛、劄、勾、撥、棚、攉、𢷬、戳、截、點、挐、扳、砍、搜、擁、掉、挑、櫓。
In this book on the staff art, you can expect functionality. Every part of it (the origins of the staff art [Section 1]; the secrets of the art [Section 2]; how it is different from the spear [Section 3]; principles of hand, eye, body, stance, and technique [Section 4]; materials for making staffs and where to find them [Section 5]; staff measurements and storage methods [Section 6]; orientation diagram for the movements of the set [Section 7]; lyrics for the movements [Section 8]; full descriptions of each movement [Chapters 2-6]) has been designed so that when you open this book, it will be immediately understandable.
　　When this art was originally passed down, there were only eight techniques, later generations added to them to make twelve techniques, and the art gradually accumulated more until there are now twenty-three:

棍由上坡形直下為劈。
[1] CHOPPING: The staff smashes straight down from above.
用棍頭棍尾橫擊對方腰部。或腿部為掃。
[2] SWEEPING: To use either end of the staff to strike across to the opponent’s waist or leg.
外拏直進。或兩棍暗觸撑進。為剉。
[3] FILING: To go from grabbing outward to directly advancing, or to brace against and advance upon making the slightest contact with the opponent’s staff.
棍頭或棍尾。完全放出閃身側劈。（亦卽下壓摔砸）為撲。
[4] POUNCING: To fully let go of either the head or tail of the staff while dodging away and chopping to the side (i.e. pressing downward with a hurling smash).
棍斜出。擋住敵械為攔。
[5] BLOCKING: The staff goes out diagonally, bracing away the opponent’s weapon.
由上方外帶為掛。
[6] HANGING: To lead outward from above.
直刺為劄。
[7] PIERCING: The staff does a straight stabbing action.
由下方後帶為勾。
[8] HOOKING: To lead to the rear from below.
左右為撥。
[9] DEFLECTING: The staff goes to the left or right.
高架為棚。
[10] PROPPING: The staff props up high.
由下方向前為攉。
[11] SHOVELING: To go forward from below.
棍頭連連直貫為𢷬。
[12] POUNDING: To repeatedly pierce straight through with the head of the staff.
棍尾連連直貫為戳。
[13] POKING: To repeatedly pierce straight through with the tail of the staff.
由上斜壓為截。
[14] CUTTING: To press diagonally from above.
單手或雙手。戳對方腰部。或足背。為點。
[15] JABBING: Poking to the opponent’s waist or the top of his foot, using either a single or double-hand grip.
裏外合扣。為拏。
[16] GRABBING: The staff goes inward or outward to connect and cover.
外抗為扳。
[17] PARRYING: To resist to the outside.
由上方斜行向下。為砍。
[18] SLASHING: To go diagonally downward from above.
裏外向腿部斜行為搜。
[19] SEARCHING: To go diagonally inward or outward toward the opponent’s leg.
擠住敵人或械。為擁。
[20] CROWDING: To press against the opponent’s body or weapon.
張棍擊敵。或換把擊敵。為掉。
[21] DROPPING: To strike the opponent either by reaching out with the staff or by switching grips.
由下方上起。為挑。
[22] CARRYING: The staff lifts upward from below.
直砸敵械。為櫓。
[23] ROWING: The staff directly smashes against the opponent’s weapon.

此二十三字之祕訣也。至若朝夕研習。默識揣摩。迨至一旦豁然。斯術與太極。八卦。形意。無不息息相通。奇正虛實。不爽毫厘。每一式奇。至二式則正。此式虛。彼式則實。所謂陰陽相濟。五行相順。可守可攻。可縱可橫。剛柔互用。上下咸宜。彼忙我緩。一發必中。苟能得心應手。無不運用自然。運用之妙。在乎一心。神而明之。存乎其人。是視乎善學者。能自應用耳。
These twenty-three techniques are the keys to it all. If they are practiced every day, pondered and contemplated upon, the whole art will soon be spontaneously clear to you. This art is closely linked to the arts of Taiji, Bagua, and Xingyi, because it too contains the qualities of direct and indirect, emptiness and fullness, of precision to the smallest degree. In one posture there is indirectness, then in the next posture there is directness. In one posture there is a feint, then in the next posture there is a real technique. Therefore passive and active complement each other and the five elements are in good order. You can defend or attack, move vertically or horizontally. Hardness and softness make use of each other. Above and below coordinate with each other. My opponent is in a rush, whereas I am at ease, and so each issuing is sure to be on target. If you can perform with your hands exactly what is in your mind, every action you make will be natural. Perfect movement is in the mind, but perfect understanding is in the body. Thus watching an excellent student practicing will enable you to grasp it yourself.

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棍與槍之分別
[Section 3] DIFFERENCES BETWEEN STAFF & SPEAR

吾國兵器槍、劍、為最古。戈、矛、刀、鈎、次之。棍、棒、又次之。棍、與槍、同為一杆。同樣長短。同為兩手握持。且又同為右手握樽。左手攏杆。若此何以別之。求其所以異者。在昔用槍者。為撐。為拏。裏纏撐。外纏拏。所謂槍式不離中。長裹白杆行。若棍者。則多為大撲大蓋。上搜下剔。前攉後戳。左櫓右攔。此為最先之十八棍。迨後擴而充之。為三十六棍。六十四棍。則仍為順把握之。卽今之三路棍。六路棍是也。至宋元兩季。棍法一變。有聰明才智之士。將棍縮短。改為齊眉。又將陰陽手握棍。改為陰把。（卽兩手心均朝下、兩手虎口相對也）如今之齊眉棍。羣羊棍。瘋魔棍。以及各門棍法。多為陰把。而其着法。亦因之一變。於是棍與槍之分別。乃大彰。而最先發明之順把棍。幾在天演淘汰之列。至南北各派。凡精斯術者。亦莫不以陰把棍自炫。偶有習順把棍者。人皆目之為槍法。其實順把棍。亦不可偏廢。因其為諸藝之宗。且為棍法之首。固有相當之價値與地位也。編者有見於是。故論列之。質諸海內同志。以為然否。
Our nation’s oldest weapons are the spear and sword. Then came halberds, lances, sabers, and hooks. And then staffs and cudgels. Staffs and spears are both poles, they have similar lengths, and both are two-handed weapons. They are also the same in that the right hand holds the thicker end and the left hand holds the thinner end. These things being the case, what then are the differences? Wielding a spear was originally a matter of “bracing” and “grabbing” techniques, bracing being coiling inward, grabbing being coiling outward. Therefore the spear posture stays in the center and makes use of the pole length. The staff instead is mostly engaged in pouncing and covering, searching upward or scraping downward, going forward with shoveling or to the rear with jabbing, going to the left with rowing or to the right with blocking.
　　In the beginning, there were eighteen staff techniques, and later this was expanded to thirty-six, and then sixty-four, still using the “natural grip” method, as in today’s Three-Line Staff, and Six-Line Staff. By the dynasties of Song and Yuan, a change occurred in the staff art when some clever men shortened their staffs, changing them to reach only to eyebrow height, and with it the upward & downward grip was changed to a fully downward grip (i.e. the centers of both hands are facing downward, tiger’s mouth facing each other), and so nowadays we have the sets of Eyebrow-Height Staff, Shepherd’s Staff, Crazy-Demon Staff, along with various others, which mainly use the downward grip in their techniques. Because of this change, there is thus a much clearer distinction between staff and spear.
　　The original invention was the natural-grip staff method. By the process of evolution through competition, the various styles throughout the nation refined this art until they all found the downward grip to have the greatest effectiveness. Now whenever someone is practicing natural-grip staff methods, everyone assumes he is performing spear techniques. However, the natural grip cannot be dismissed, for it is the ancestor of all of the techniques, the foundation of the staff methods, and so surely it ought to have equal value and status. In view of this, I will describe them both and leave it up to my comrades throughout the nation to decide which way is better.

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棍法之手眼身步
[Section 4] THE STAFF ART’S PRINCIPLES OF HANDS, EYES, BODY, AND FOOTWORK

練習國術。無論刀槍劍戟。莫不以手、眼、身、步、為前提。棍為諸藝之宗。在技擊中。具有相當之價値。故於身、步、手、眼、尤為重要。昔之棍法。多為順把。（卽右手握樽、左手在前攏桿、兩手虎口均朝前、兩手小指均在後是也）與持槍法。無甚差別。因而身步亦均相同。至眼之目標。則更同一視線矣。近代棍法。多用陰把。（卽右手握樽、左手握桿、兩手虎口相對、兩手心均朝下是也）於是手、眼、身、步。亦莫不隨之一變。譬如昔為順把。站前弓後箭步。擰身向正面。雙目之的。自然平視敵械之上。或胸部面部。成為一定不移之理。若陰把握棍。則多用馬𨀵側面。雙目斜視。攻必側擊。所謂不招不架。祇是一下。其巧妙敏捷。可見一斑。其弓箭步。縱步。鷄步。卸步。退步。亦與順把棍各不相侔。至陰把棍。用法之廣。遠過順把棍十餘字之多。當於另章詳之。而眼法。身法。皆隨步法為轉移。茲將斯術之步法。擇要錄其一二。以供閱者參攷。
When practicing martial arts, regardless of saber, spear, sword, or halberd, they all involve the prerequisites of hands, eyes, body, and footwork, which are the basis of all the skills in the staff art. Within martial arts, they all have equal value, and therefore principles of hands, eyes, body, and footwork are particularly important.
　　Originally, staff methods mostly used the “natural grip” (i.e. the right hand behind gripping the thicker end, the left hand forward gripping the body of the staff, the tiger’s mouths both facing forward, the little finger of each hand facing toward the rear), not very different from spear methods, and thus the body and stancework was the same, as was the line of sight to the target. Staff methods nowadays mostly use the “downward grip” (i.e. the right hand gripping toward the thicker end, the left hand gripping toward the thinner end, the tiger’s mouths facing each other, the centers of the hands facing downward), and so the hands, eyes, body, and step have all been correspondingly adjusted.
　　For example, using the old natural grip involved standing in a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, twisting the body toward the front [when stabbing], the target of the gaze naturally going straight toward the opponent’s weapon, or to his chest or face area. This became the fixed and unchanging method. If using the downward grip to hold the staff, then it often involves a sideways-facing horse-riding stance, the gaze at an angle. Because attacks have to come from the side, there is no drawing in or propping away, for they happen as only one action. This gives a hint of the art’s ingenious nimbleness. Footwork such as the bow & arrow stance, lunging step, chicken step, withdrawing step, or retreating step do not work the same as with the natural grip. When using the downward grip, functionality is broadened far beyond the techniques available when using the natural grip. (The techniques of the art were already explained above [in section 2]).
　　As for the eyes and body, they always shift in coordination with the footwork. Below are a few examples of the art’s footwork for your reference:

二士爭功。為弓箭步。
The “bow & arrow stance” can be seen in the posture of TWO GENTLEMEN VIE FOR SUCCESS [photo 2 (3)]:

懷中抱月。為單邊步。
The “single-side stance” can be seen in EMBRACE THE MOON [photo 4]:

一枝雙花。為提踵子午步。
The “heel-lifted sundial stance” can be seen in ONE BRANCH WITH TWO FLOWERS [photo 14]:

擎天捧月。馬𨀵步。
The “horse-riding stance” can be seen in HOLD UP THE SKY TO CARRY THE MOON [photo 19]:

猛虎翻身。為斜||字步。
The “diagonal-parallel stance” can be seen in FIERCE TIGER TURNS AROUND [photo 41, shown by Person B on the left side]:

過關列陣。為丁字拗步。
The “T-shaped twisted stance” can be seen in PASSING THROUGH THE GATE IN FORMATION [photo 57]:

六十八圖之上手人。
The “criss-crossed ninety-degree stance” is performed by Person A [on the left] in photo 68 [TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 2]:

與五十九圖之下手人。均為錯綜八字步。
And by Person B [on the right] in photo 59 [MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 2]:

第十圖為金鷄獨立步。
The “golden rooster one-legged stance” can be seen in Photo 10 [GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER – Part 1]:

以上為定式中之步法。其練習時。動作步法之變化。隨處皆有關鍵。步履不離楷則。其手、眼、身、步、之伎倆。豈可不加意研習哉。
Above are listed the stances within the choreography. When practicing, the changes of movement and footwork always have such landmarks, the stepping never departing from these standards.
　　The skills of hand, eye, body, and footwork must be given special study.

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棍之材料及產地
[Section 5] WHAT STAFFS ARE MADE OF AND WHERE THE MATERIAL COMES FROM

棍之材料以白蠟桿為最佳。靑蠟桿次之。黃躐桿又次之。因白蠟桿堅靱耐久。且富有彈力。故用以作棍。精美異常。若靑蠟桿。黃蠟桿。亦可用。惟其骨質近於剛。而彈力稍小。用久易折。且無白蠟桿之美觀。故近世之習武者。製做棍棒。槍桿。或三節棍。雙拐。單鞭。戟桿。刀柄之屬。莫不取材於白蠟桿。此三種蠟桿。以余所知。均產之山東。泰安為集散地。桿市在西門外。滕縣濟甯售處。與泰安價値相等。或較廉。若濟南。烟台。則較此三處稍昂矣。黃蠟桿。產於曲阜各鄕。靑蠟桿產於章邱。卽墨。白蠟桿。產於汶上。鉅野。曲阜。陽穀。等縣。其最佳者汶上、曲阜、兩縣。陽穀鉅野則次之矣。民三余客魯。因母疾朝岱岳。歸購丈二長桿三根。僅銅元一百五十枚。七尺桿三十根。每根銅元十二枚。民九汶上土地廟春會。余往購白蠟桿五十根皆佳品。每根銅元十三枚。以與今日較。相差幾二十倍。惟願海內同志。提倡棍術。急起直追。棍法普及。種桿者必廣。其價雖昂。然利權未外溢。富民强國。兩有裨益也。
For making staffs, white waxwood is best, then green waxwood, then yellow waxwood. White waxwood is the best choice because it is the most resilient, most durable, has the most springiness, and is unusually elegant in appearance. Green waxwood and yellow waxwood can also be used, but they are harder materials and somewhat less springy, and will easily break after being used for a long time. Furthermore, they are not as pleasing to the eye as white waxwood. Therefore when modern martial arts practitioners have staffs and spear shafts made, or items such as three-section staffs, double canes, whip-rods, halberd shafts, and saber handles, they always select ones made of white waxwood.
　　The three kinds of waxwood, as far as I know, are all produced in Shandong, collected and distributed at the city of Tai’an, where the market for poles is outside the western city gate. In Jining and neighboring Tengzhou [both to the south], it is the same price as in Tai’an or cheaper. In places such as Jinan [to the north of Tai’an] or Yantai [far to the east], the price is somewhat higher. Yellow waxwood is produced in the countryside of Qufu. Green waxwood is produced in Zhangqiu [district of Jinan] and Jimo [district of Qingdao]. White waxwood is produced in the [western] counties of Wenshang, Juye, Qufu, and Yanggu, the best being from Wenshang and Qufu, that of Yanggu and Juye being of lesser quality.
　　In 1914, I visited Shandong because my mother had fallen ill in Daiyue [district of Tai’an], and then on the way home I purchased three twenty-foot poles at a price of only a hundred fifty copper coins, and thirty seven-foot poles at twenty coins each. Then in 1920, at the springtime temple fair in Wenshang, I purchased fifty white waxwood poles, all of good quality, at thirty coins each. The price by now has gone up by about twenty times, but I hope my comrades throughout the nation will promote the staff art nevertheless and spread it everywhere until the people wielding staffs are countless. Although the price has increased so much, we can still afford it, for the sake of enriching the people and strengthening the nation.

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棍之尺寸及收藏法
[Section 6] MEASUREMENTS OF STAFFS AND METHODS OF STORAGE

古代用棍者。其長度八九尺不等。故有九尺槍。八尺棍之說。於此可見中古時代之器械。實較今日為長大。近世雖有七尺槍。六尺棍之說。然習棍者均以四尺八寸。至五尺五寸為度。偶有六七尺者。終覺不甚便利。故有齊眉棍之稱。苟按各人眉齊製棍。亦極善之一法。余意以五尺。至五尺五寸。或六尺。無論何人。均可適用。惟萬不可粗。粗則笨重。且無彈力。用時呆滯。毫無可取。茲擬定大槪之尺寸如下。但仍須視各人之長短。與氣力而定。為至妥。計由棍頭至棍尾。以工部尺。四尺八寸。至六尺為止。棍頭中間。由一寸。至一寸二分。棍尾中間。由七分。至九分。或一寸亦可。至其重量。取其材。按用棍者之氣力程度而定。收藏之法。棍去皮後。原有天然之疙疸。不可刮去。以免蟲由刮痕嚙食。用後以繩擊其端。懸掛壁間。不可斜置於牆角落。及其他各處斜置。均所不宜。或平放於地板之上亦可。置於刀槍架上亦屬勉强。以上保存。如不經意。最易受濕彎曲。或蟲食朽壞。此收藏之法。亦不可不知也。
Ancient people used staffs that were about eight or nine feet long. Thus there were mentions of nine-foot spears and eight-foot staffs. It is clear from this that weapons in ancient times were larger than those of today. Although nowadays we talk of seven-foot spears and six-foot staffs, people usually practice with staffs that are between 4.8 feet and 5.5 feet. Give a person a staff of six or seven feet and they will simply feel that is not very easy to use, hence the term “eyebrow-height staff”. If a staff is cut to the height of the individual’s eyebrow, practicing with it will be very efficient. I think that a measure from five feet to five and a half feet, or perhaps up to six feet, ought to be suitable for everyone. However, it must not have a rough surface, for then it would be unwieldy and lack springiness. A stiff staff is useless.
　　Here is a formulation of approximate measurements (though the individual’s height and physical strength still have to be taken into account in order to get it just right): Using standard measurements, the staff from head to tail: 4.8–6 feet. The width of the head of the staff: 1–1.2 “inches” [i.e. 1.3–1.6 inches]. The width of the tail of the staff: 0.7–0.9 or 1 inch [i.e. 0.9–1.2 or 1.3 inches]. As for the weight of the staff, it depends on the material it is made of and on the practitioner’s physical strength.
　　On methods of storage:
　　The skin of the staff will naturally have some slight bumps, but they must not be scraped down, for any scraped areas will invite termites. After practicing, tie string around the ends and hang it on a wall. You must not leave it leaned at an angle in a corner or anywhere else, but you may lay it flat on the floor. Be reluctant to keep weapons in a rack, for if you are inattentive to them, they will easily end up warped due to moisture or made rotten by termites. These principles of storage have to be understood.

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少林棍路綫方向圖
[Section 7] ORIENTATION MAP FOR THIS SHAOLIN STAFF SET

下手右角　下手起點　下手左角
B’s Right Corner / B’s Starting Position / B’s Left Corner
下手右方　　　下手左方
B’s Right　 / 　B’s Left
中
Middle
上手左方　　　上手右方
A’s Left　 / 　A’s Right
上手左角　上手起點　上手右角
A’s Left Corner / A’s Starting Position / A’s Right Corner

[In the context of two people who will end up switching sides even though these direction indicators will remain fixed as they are, resulting in descriptions such as A moving to the left toward B’s Left, they are simply too confusing, and so I have replaced them throughout the text with ordinary compass directions:

下手右角　下手起點　下手左角
B’s right corner / B’s starting position / B’s left corner
southwest　 / 　west　 / 　northwest
下手右方　　　下手左方
上手左方　　　上手右方
B’s right (A’s left)　 / 　B’s left (A’s right)
south　 / 　north
上手左角　上手起點　上手右角
A’s left corner / A’s starting position / A’s right corner
southeast　 / 　east　 / 　northeast

This arrangement means that each photo is itself a typical compass:

N
W   –↑–    E
S

North is the back of the photo, south being the photographer, east on the right side, west on the left side.]

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少林棍歌
[Section 8] SONG FOR THE SHAOLIN STAFF SET

開門見山第一式。二士爭功出猴王。懷中抱月為蓄勢。拗步埋伏神內藏。
雙旗交輝勢飛舞。變化無常戰八方。背棒獻掌龍出水。海底撈月敵莫當。
一枝雙花眞趫捷。回馬投石倒陰陽。披身貫頂妙莫測。擎天捧月神鬼亡。
漁翁撑篙前進速。二龍吐鬚亦堂堂。觔斗倒翻極變幻。神棒趕山驅羣羊。
槍棍交鋒成酣戰。流星趕月何奔忙。乞丐奔門當頭棒。金槍刺脅果難防。
連環蓋頂神氣足。雙龍奪珠孰逞强。橫掃千軍無餘子。鼎足分爭見低昂。
金剛伏虎自無敵。架海金樑莫彷徨。靈猫捕鼠頗機警。抽樑換柱莫矜張。
猛虎翻身囘埋伏。魚躍龍門神志揚。赭龍攻地勢易舉。泰山壓頂庸何傷。
雀地圍籠漁撒網。再出岐山流芬芳。平地翻車急如電。罡風穿堂式莫忘。
過關列陣有步法。三路進兵胡强梁。二將退敵龍回首。防守中原棍法良。
[Posture 1] OPEN THE GATE AND SEE THE MOUNTAINS is the first posture.
[2 & 3] Perform TWO GENTLEMEN VIE FOR SUCCESS, then MONKEY KING LEAVES THE CAVE.
[4] EMBRACE THE MOON is a posture of storing.
[5] In AMBUSH IN A TWISTED STANCE, spirit is hidden within.
[6] TWIN BANNERS CROSS IN GLORY is like banners fluttering in the air.
[7] Changing without limit, switch to BATTLE IN ALL DIRECTIONS.
[8 & 9] Perform CARRYING THE CUDGEL ON YOUR BACK, SHOW YOUR PALM, then GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER.
[10] TRYING TO SCOOP THE MOON’S REFLECTION FROM THE WATER is a technique an opponent cannot get past.
[11] ONE SINGLE BRANCH WITH TWO FLOWERS is to be performed with great nimbleness.
[12 & 13] Perform TURN THE HORSE TO THROW A STONE, then REVERSING PASSIVE & ACTIVE.
[14] DRAPING THE BODY ALL THE WAY TO THE HEADTOP is a marvelous means of hiding what you are doing.
[15] HOLD UP THE SKY TO CARRY THE MOON will make spirits and ghosts flee.
[16] OLD FISHERMAN PUSHES OFF WITH THE PUNTING POLE is a rapid advance.
[17] TWIN DRAGONS SPIT OUT THEIR BEARDS is very imposing.
[18] ROLLING THE STAFFS OVER exhibits dramatic changes.
[19] MAGIC CUDGELS SEARCH THE HILLS looks like herding sheep.
[20] SPEAR & CUDGEL CLASHING makes it a fierce battle.
[21] METEOR CHASES THE MOON involves a lot of rushing around.
[22 & 23] Perform BEGGAR FLEES THROUGH THE GATE, then REBUKE HIM WITH SUDDEN CUDGELING TO THE HEAD.
[24] GOLDEN SPEAR STABS TO THE RIBS is difficult to defend against.
[25] CONTINUE INTO COVERING HIS HEAD is a very spirited action.
[26] TWIN DRAGONS WRESTLING FOR A PEARL, but which one will win?
[27] SWEEPING ASIDE A THOUSAND SOLDIERS leaves not one of them standing.
[28] THE FEET OF THE CAULDRON VIE FOR BALANCE shows changes in height.
[29] ARHAT TAMES THE TIGER is invincible.
[30] GOLDEN BRIDGE HOLDS BACK THE SEA must have no hesitation.
[31] QUICK CAT CATCHES THE MOUSE is very alert.
[32] In PULLING OUT A ROOF BEAM TO REPLACE A PILLAR, show no pity.
[33 & 34] Perform FIERCE TIGER TURNS AROUND, then TURN AND AMBUSH.
[35] FISH LEAPS THE DRAGON GATE makes the mind alert.
[36] RED DRAGON ATTACKS THE GROUND is a switch from high to low.
[37] MT. TAI CRUSHES THE HEAD is a technique that will always injure an opponent.
[38 & 39] Perform PUTTING A SPARROW IN A CAGE, then OLD FISHERMAN CASTS HIS NET.
[40] DEPARTING AGAIN FROM MT. QI flows like a fragrance in the air.
[41] THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND should be as quick as lightning.
[42] A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD leaves nothing overlooked.
[43] PASSING THROUGH THE GATE IN FORMATION is a matter of footwork.
[44] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES involves great brutality.
[45 & 46] Perform TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF, then BLUE DRAGON TURNS ITS HEAD.
[47] GUARDING THE CENTRAL PLAINS completes this staff set.

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第二章　動作名稱
CHAPTER TWO [CHAPTERS 2–6]: THE MOVEMENTS OF THE SET BY NAME

開門見山
[1] OPEN THE GATE AND SEE THE MOUNTAINS

上手人。下手人。各立於練習場之一端。（卽上手人立於上手、下手人立於下手）二人對面直立。兩足距離均約一尺。成正||字形。二人右手各持一棍。握棍頭之一端。置於右脇。右胳膊微曲。手背朝上。手虎口朝前。棍尾直出各人身體前方。與棍頭成水平線。左手掌置於顱頂上方。約五六寸。手心朝上。左胳膊彎曲。成半月形。左手掌並攏。（法係四指並排、俗謂柳葉掌、拇指緊貼掌緣）頭要頂勁。項要豎勁。丹田要抱。二人一切姿式。完全相同。上手人目視下手人。下手人目視上手人。其式如第一圖。
Person A and Person B, you each occupy one section of the practice space (A in the east, B in the west), both of you standing straight, your feet about a foot apart, standing parallel. You are each holding a staff in your right hand, grasping it at the “head” of the staff [i.e. the thicker end], which is placed at your right ribs, the arm slightly bent, the back of the hand facing upward [downward], the tiger’s mouth facing forward, and the “tail” of the staff [the thinner end] is pointing out in front of you, making a horizontal line with the head of the staff. Your left hand is placed about half a foot above your headtop, the palm facing upward, the arm bent to make a crescent-moon shape, fingers together (i.e. the four fingers together, the thumb tight against the inner edge of the palm – making what is commonly called a “willow-leaf palm”). Your head should have an energy of pressing up, your neck should have an energy of straightening, and your elixir field should have an energy of containing. This posture is entirely the same for both of you. A, your gaze is toward B. B, your gaze is toward A. See photo 1 [each of these photos indicating 上手人 Person A (Chen Fengqi – in the darker clothes) and 下手人 Person B (Jiang Rongqiao – in the lighter clothes)]:

二士爭功
[2] TWO GENTLEMEN VIE FOR SUCCESS

上手人。下手人。同時先開右足一步。再各開左足一步。二人已至相當地位。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。兩足距離二尺餘。成斜||字形。前弓後箭步。同時二人左手。各握自己棍之中節。手背均朝上。（係並排陰手、而非前後陰陽手）兩手虎口相對。兩手小指各向棍之一端。兩手距離一尺五六寸。（用時再隨時變化、遠近不定）上手人用棍尾、直刺下手人之左足背。下手人亦用棍尾、直刺上手人之左足背。彼此兩棍交义。互相撑拒。二人棍尾。均已落空拄地。棍頭各出右肘後方。二人身體均向前傾。丹田須抱勁。防備退走。二人互視敵方腿部。（卽上手人視下手人腿部、下手人視上手人腿部）其式如第二圖。
Each of you, first step out with your right foot, then your left foot, moving toward your opponent, and your left knee bends, your right leg straightening, your feet just over two feet apart and standing parallel along diagonal lines, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your left hand grasps the middle section of your staff, the back of the hand facing upward (making it a “passive” hand, passive and active in this way having to do with whether the palm is oriented upward or downward, not which hand is forward or back), the tiger’s mouths facing each other, the little finger of each hand aligned toward one end of the staff, your hands about a foot and a half apart. (When sparring, you would be adapting to the situation, and so this distance need not be constant.) A, you are using the tail of your staff to stab to the top of B’s foot, and B, you are likewise using the tail of your staff to stab to the top of A’s foot. The staffs are crossing and bracing against each other until the tails of the staffs have missed the target and are touching the ground. The head of your staff is sticking out behind your right elbow. Your body is leaning forward, but your elixir field must have an energy of containing. Guard against an impulse to retreat. Your gaze is toward your opponent’s leg. See photo 2 [3]:

猴王出洞
[3] MONKEY KING LEAVES THE CAVE

二人各就原式。上手人向上手（卽上手人之起點上場處）扭身。改為右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。棍由下方抽囘。直向上手起點戳去。棍頭高於頭部。棍尾斜出左股。右手陰。左手陽。兩手握棍中間。距離七八寸。身體面目均向上手起點。同時下手人。亦向下手起點（卽下手人上場之起點）扭身。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。棍由下方抽囘。直向下手起點戳去。棍頭高於頭部。棍尾斜出左股。右手陰。左手陽。兩手握棍中間。距離七八寸。身體面目均向下手起點。其式如第三圖。
Both of you remain in your location. A, twist your body [rightward] toward the east, switching to your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. Your staff at the same time withdraws away from B and pokes out toward the east, the head of your staff going higher than your headtop, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally past your left thigh. The center of your right hand is facing downward and the center of your left hand is facing upward, your hands holding the middle section of the staff about three quarters of a foot apart. Your body is facing toward the east, your gaze also toward the east.
　　B, twist your body [rightward] toward the west, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. Your staff at the same time withdraws away from A and pokes out toward the west, the head of your staff going higher than your headtop, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally past your left thigh. The center of your right hand is facing downward and the center of your left hand is facing upward, your hands holding the middle section of the staff about three quarters of a foot apart. Your body is facing toward the west, your gaze also toward the west. See photo 3 [2]:

懷中抱月
[4] EMBRACE THE MOON

上手人。左足向上手起點開一步。兩足距離二尺五六寸。左腿彎曲。右腿向下手伸直。成單邊步。身體極力下蹲。同時右手置於臍部。左手置於顱頂。棍頭距地一二寸。棍尾由胸前朝上豎直。前胸向上手之左方。雙目扭視下手人。下手人左足向下手起點開一步。兩足距離二尺五六寸。左腿彎曲。右腿伸直。成單邊步。身體極力下蹲。同時右手置於臍部。左手置於顱頂。棍頭距地一二寸。棍尾由胸前朝上豎直。前胸向下手之左方。雙目扭視上手人。其式如第四圖。
A, your left foot steps out toward the east, your feet about two and a half feet apart, your left leg bending, your right straightening and pointed toward B, making a single-side stance, your body strongly squatting down. At the same time, your right hand is placed by your navel and your left hand is placed by your headtop, bringing the head of your staff a couple of inches away from the ground and making the tail of your staff stand vertically in front of you. Your chest is facing toward the south, your gaze turned toward B.
　　B, your left foot steps out toward the west, your feet about two and a half feet apart, your left leg bending, your right leg straightening [and pointed toward A], making a single-side stance, your body strongly squatting down. At the same time, your right hand is placed by your navel and your left hand is placed by your headtop, bringing the head of your staff a couple of inches away from the ground and making the tail of your staff stand vertically in front of you. Your chest is facing toward the north, your gaze turned toward A. See photo 4:

拗步埋伏
[5] AMBUSH IN A TWISTED STANCE

二人承上式。同時動作。上手人鬆開左手。使棍尾自動、向下手人顱頂砸下。下手人亦將左手鬆開。使棍尾自動、向上手人顱頂砸去。至兩棍相觸。二人同時退回右足。停於左足前。兩足距離約一尺。左膝蓋抵於右膝彎裏端。成丁字拗步形。身體極力下蹲。兩腿極力彎曲。同時二人右手各握棍頭。向身後打花。（卽使棍尾、向後向上劃一大圈）旋卽仍置身前。兩棍對峙。二人右手均置右胯上部。左手握棍前節。左胳膊成斜坡形。上手人前胸向上手起點右方。下手人前胸向下手起點右方。雙目互相對視。其式如第五圖。
Continuing from the previous posture, you each loosen your left hand and let the tail of your staff smash downward toward your opponent’s head until the tails of the staffs touch. Then withdraw your right foot in front of your left foot until your feet are about a foot apart, your left knee braced against the back of your right knee, making a T-shaped twisted stance, your body squatting down, your legs strongly bending. Also at the same time, your right hand sends the head of your staff to the rear [on your left side] and you perform a “flourish” (meaning that you send the tail of your staff [downward in front of you] to the rear [on your right side] then upward, drawing a large circle, and immediately placing it in front of you again so that the staffs are pointing toward each other. Your right hand is placed above your right hip, your left hand gripping the forward section of the staff, your left arm making a diagonal slope. A, your chest is facing toward the north. B, your chest is facing toward the south. Your gaze is toward your opponent. See photo 5:

雙旗交輝第一動作
[6.1] TWIN BANNERS CROSS IN GLORY – Part 1

上手人。下手人。二人同時先邁右足一步。再各開左足一大步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。兩足距離一尺五六寸。成斜||字形。前弓後箭步。同時二人持棍。上手人用棍尾。直刺下手人之左足背。下手人亦用棍尾、直刺上手人之左足背。彼此兩棍相觸。互相撑拒。二人棍尾。均已落空拄地。棍頭各出右肘後方。二人身體均向前傾。丹田抱勁。防備退走。二人互視腿部。（卽上手人視下手人腿部、下手人視上手人腿部）其式如第六圖。
Each of you, first step out with your right foot, then your left foot, and your left knee bends, your right leg straightening, your feet about a foot and a half apart and standing parallel along diagonal lines, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, you are both wielding your staffs, A using the tail of your staff to stab to the top of B’s foot, and B, you are likewise using the tail of your staff to stab to the top of A’s foot. The staffs are crossing and bracing against each other until the tails of the staffs have missed the target and are touching the ground. The head of your staff is sticking out behind your right elbow. Your body is leaning forward, but your elixir field must have an energy of containing. Guard against an impulse to retreat. Your gaze is toward your opponent’s leg. See photo 6:

雙旗交輝定式
[6.2] TWIN BANNERS CROSS IN GLORY – Part 2

承上式。各人兩足均不動。同時上手人。甩棍頭。向下手人顱頂打去。下手人亦甩棍頭。向上手人顱頂打去。兩棍抵觸。互相撑拒。右手仍各握棍頭之一端。在上方成半月形。左手握棍尾之一端。置於左胯。各棍各成斜直線。二人互相對視。其式如第七圖。
Both of you, continuing from the previous posture, your feet staying where they are, hurl the head of your staff toward the other person’s headtop, both staffs strongly resisting against each other, your right hand sending the head of your staff upward, the arm making a crescent-moon shape, your left hand placing the tail of your staff by your left hip. Both staffs are making diagonal vertical lines and you are looking toward each other. See photo 7:

野戰八方
[7] BATTLE IN ALL DIRECTIONS

上手人。左足先向上手右方開一步。右足再向前方（上手前方）開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。同時右手握棍頭朝下。退至右胯後方。左手握棍尾向上。左胳膊成半月形。棍端緊靠右脇。棍尾斜出身體前上方。身微向前傾。下手人。左足先向下手右方開一步。右足再向前方（上手前方）開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。同時右手握棍頭朝下。退至右胯後方。左手握棍尾向上。左胳膊成半月形。棍端緊靠右脇。棍尾斜出身體前上方。身向前傾。二人互相對視。其式如第八圖。
A, first your left foot steps toward the north, then your right foot steps toward the west, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your right hand brings the head of your staff downward, pulling it back until behind your right hip, and your left hand brings the tail of your staff upward, the arm making a crescent-moon shape. The head section of your staff is against your right ribs and the tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally upward in front of your body, your body slightly leaning forward.
　　B, first your left foot steps toward the south, then your right foot steps toward the east, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your right hand brings the head of your staff downward, pulling it back until behind your right hip, and your left hand brings the tail of your staff upward, the arm making a crescent-moon shape. The head section of your staff is against your right ribs and the tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally upward in front of your body, your body slightly leaning forward. You are both looking toward each other. See photo 8:

背捧獻掌
[8] CARRYING THE CUDGEL ON YOUR BACK, SHOW YOUR PALM

上手人。右足先向上手起點退一步。左足再向上手左方、開一大步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。成前弓後箭步。右肩與右腿成斜直線。同時左手鬆開。右手握棍頭之一端。將棍尾向身背後倒置。使棍尾斜出左肩上方。左手順胸前、向顱頂劃半個大圓圈。置於頭部上方。距顱頂約一尺。掌心朝上。雙目廻視身後。同時下手人。右足先向下手起點退一步。左足再向下手左方開一大步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。成前弓後箭步。右肩與右腿成斜直線。同時左手鬆開棍尾。右手握棍頭之一端。將棍尾向身背後倒置。使棍尾斜出左肩上方。左手由胸前、向顱頂劃半個大圓圈。置於頭部上方。距顱頂約一尺。掌心朝上。雙目廻視身後。其式如第九圖。
A, your right foot first retreats a step toward the east, then your left foot takes a large step toward the south, your left knee bending, right leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your right shoulder and right leg forming a diagonal line. At the same time, your left hand lefts go [of the tail of your staff], your right hand holding the head of your staff and turning over your staff to send the tail behind your back so that the tail is sticking out diagonally above your left shoulder, as your left hand moves past your chest and draws a large half circle toward your headtop, placed higher than your head, about a foot away from your headtop, palm facing upward. Your gaze goes behind you.
　　B, your right foot first retreats a step toward the west, then your left foot takes a large step toward the north, your left knee bending, right leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your right shoulder and right leg forming a diagonal line. At the same time, your left hand lefts go of the tail of your staff, your right hand holding the head of your staff and turning over your staff to send the tail behind your back so that the tail is sticking out diagonally above your left shoulder, as your left hand moves past your chest and draws a large half circle toward your headtop, placed higher than your head, about a foot away from your headtop, palm facing upward. Your gaze goes behind you. See photo 9:

金龍出水第一動作
[9.1] GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER – Part 1

二人左足原地不動。同時右足提起。足尖向下垂。足蹠引向左膝。右手各握棍頭之一端。朝上高起。起至右手背與頭額相對。左手握棍尾之一端。左手小指緊靠右膝蓋。棍尾亦貼右膝外端。棍上下豎直。二人動作。同時一樣。雙目互相對視。其式如第十圖。
Each of you, your left foot stays where it is and your right foot lifts, toes hanging down, the sole of the foot drawing close to your left knee. Your right hand is lifting the head of your staff until the back of the hand is facing your forehead, and your left hand grabs the tail of your staff [so the tiger’s mouths are facing each other], the little finger against your right knee, the tail of your staff against the outside of the knee, your staff making a vertical line. You are both performing the same movement, your gaze toward each other. See photo 10:

金龍出水定式
[9.2] GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER – Part 2

上手人。將右足向上手起點退一步。左足遂卽跟進右足。並攏。身體直立。上手人隨着右足退時。使棍頭向上手起點。由下方攉去。右手心朝上。左手虎口朝上。棍頭微高。棍端貼腹部。直出左肘後方。左肘抱棍。前胸向上手右方。雙目廻視棍頭。下手人。右足向下手起點退一步。左足遂卽跟進右足。並攏。身體直立。下手人隨着右足退時。使棍頭。向下手起點。由下方攉去。右手心朝上。左手虎口朝上。棍頭微高。棍端貼腹部。直出左肘後方。左肘抱棍。前胸向下手右方。雙目廻視棍頭。其式如第十一圖。
A, your right foot retreats a step toward the east [your body turning rightward], then your left foot follows to stand next to it, your body standing straight. As your right foot retreats, send the head of your staff toward the east, shoveling from below, the center of your right hand facing upward, your left hand’s tiger’s mouth also facing upward. The head of your staff is slightly higher than the tail section, which is against your belly and sticking out behind you, your left elbow wrapped over it. Your chest is facing toward the north, your gaze turned toward the head of your staff.
　　B, your right foot retreats a step toward the east [your body turning rightward], then your left foot follows to stand next to it, your body standing straight. As your right foot retreats, send the head of your staff toward the west, shoveling from below, the center of your right hand facing upward, your left hand’s tiger’s mouth also facing upward. The head of your staff is slightly higher than the tail section, which is against your belly and sticking out behind you, your left elbow wrapped over it. Your chest is facing toward the south, your gaze turned toward the head of your staff. See photo 11 [which is an example of how in several of these photos the distance between the two people has been cheated due to cramped studio space, this being an instance in which they would actually be standing much farther apart]:

海底撈月
[10.1] TRYING TO SCOOP THE MOON’S REFLECTION FROM THE WATER – Part 1

上手人。右足先向前（上手起點之前面）開一步。兩足成斜||字形。距離二尺餘。兩腿似曲不曲。同時兩手持棍。隨右足、由下方用、棍頭直向下手人腿部攉去。攉至下手人膝部停住。棍端貼腹部。左胳膊彎曲。左手置於左脇。棍尾斜出左肘後方。兩足尖向上手起點左方。雙目低視下手人腿部。同時下手人。右足先向下手起點前方開一步。兩足成斜||字形。距離二尺餘。兩腿似曲不曲。同時兩手持棍。隨右足由下方、直向上手人腿部攉去。攉至棍頭止於上手人膝蓋下端停住。棍端貼腹部。左胳膊彎曲。兩足尖向左方。（下手起點左面）左手置於左脇。棍尾斜出左肘後方。兩棍相觸。互相撑拒。雙目低視上手人腿部。其式如第十二圖。
A, first your [left foot steps out toward the west, then your] right foot steps out toward the west [your body turning leftward], your feet making diagonal parallel lines, standing just over two feet apart, your legs bending but not quite bending. At the same time, your hands go along with your right foot by sending your staff from below, using the head of your staff to shovel toward B’s leg until just below his knee. The tail section of your staff is against your belly, your left arm bent, your left hand placed by your left ribs, the tail sticking out behind your left elbow, the toes of both feet pointing toward the south. Your gaze is lowered toward B’s leg.
　　B, first your [left foot steps out toward the east, then your] right foot steps out toward the east [your body turning leftward], your feet making diagonal parallel lines, standing just over two feet apart, your legs bending but not quite bending. At the same time, your hands go along with your right foot by sending your staff from below, using the head of your staff to shovel toward A’s leg until just below his knee. The tail section of your staff is against your belly, your left arm bent, your left hand placed by your left ribs, the tail sticking out behind your left elbow, the toes of both feet pointing toward the north. Your gaze is lowered toward A’s leg. The staffs are bracing against each other. See photo 12:

海底撈月變動式
[10.2] TRYING TO SCOOP THE MOON’S REFLECTION FROM THE WATER – Part 2

承上式。二人不停。同時動作。上手人右足先向起點（上手起點）退回一步。左足遂卽跟進右足。並攏。身體直立。足尖前胸、均向右方。（上手起點右方）同時兩手持棍。向上攉挑。使棍頭再向上手起點攉去。棍頭微高。右手心朝上。左手虎口朝上。左肘抱棍。貼胸間。雙目廻視棍頭。（卽上手起點）下手人。右足亦向下手起點、退囘一步。左足遂卽跟進右足並攏。身體直立。足尖前胸均向下手起點右方。同時兩手持棍。向上攉挑。使棍頭再向下手起點攉去。棍頭微高。右手心朝上。左手虎口朝上。左肘抱棍。貼胸間。雙目廻視棍頭。（卽下手起點）其式如第十三圖。
Continuing from the previous posture without pausing, you both make the same movement. A, your right foot first retreats a step toward the east [your body turning rightward], then your left foot follows to stand next to it, your body standing straight, your toes and chest aligned toward the north. At the same time, your hands send your staff shoveling upward toward the east, the head of your staff slightly higher [than the tail], the center of your right hand facing upward, your left hand’s tiger’s mouth also facing upward, your left elbow wrapping over the staff, bringing it against your chest. Your gaze is turned toward the head of your staff (which is pointing toward the east).
　　B, your right foot first retreats a step toward the west [your body turning rightward], then your left foot advances to stand next to your right foot, your body standing straight, your toes and chest aligned toward the south. At the same time, your hands send your staff shoveling upward toward the west, the head of your staff slightly higher [than the tail], the center of your right hand facing upward, your left hand’s tiger’s mouth also facing upward, your left elbow wrapping over the staff, which is against your chest. Your gaze is turned toward the head of your staff (which is pointing toward the west). See photo 13:

一枝雙花
[11] ONE BRANCH WITH TWO FLOWERS

二人同時動作。上手人。左足先向下手敵方開一小步。右足再向下手敵方開一步。兩足距離尺餘。右足尖觸地。足踵提起。身體下蹲。重點移於左腿。同時兩手持棍。由上手起點。用棍頭。直向下手人頭部摔去。兩手握棍。距離鬆開二尺六七寸。棍頭高於頭部。棍尾斜出左胯後方。雙目平視下手人。下手人。左足先向上手敵方開一小步。右足再向上手敵方開一步。兩足距離尺餘。右足尖觸地。足踵提起。身體下蹲。重點移於左腿。同時兩手持棍。由下手起點。用棍頭。直向上手人頭部摔去。兩手距離二尺六七寸。棍頭高於頭部。棍尾斜出左胯後方。雙目平視上手人。兩棍交义。互相對抗。其式如第十四圖。
You both do the same movement. A, first your left foot takes a small step toward B, then your right foot also steps out toward B, your feet just over a foot apart, your right toes touching down, heel lifted, your body squatting down, the weight shifted onto your left leg. At the same time, your hands send the head of your staff from the east and hurling downward toward B’s head. Your hands are about two and two thirds feet apart, the head of your staff higher than your own head, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your left hip. Your gaze is toward B.
　　B, first your left foot takes a small step toward A, then your right foot also steps out toward A, your feet just over a foot apart, your right toes touching down, heel lifted, your body squatting down, the weight shifted onto your left leg. At the same time, your hands send the head of your staff from the west and hurling downward toward A’s head. Your hands are about two and two thirds feet apart, the head of your staff higher than your own head, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your left hip. Your gaze is toward A. The staffs are crossed, bracing against each other. See photo 14:

回馬投石
[12] TURN THE HORSE TO THROW A STONE

上手人。左足先向上手起點退一步。右足遂卽跟進左足。並攏。身體直立。足尖前胸。均向上手左方。（上手起點左面）同時兩手持棍。使棍尾直向上手起點戳去。兩手虎口相對距離約二尺餘。棍頭棍尾成水平線。雙目廻視棍尾。（卽上手起點）下手人。左足先向下手起點退一步。右足遂卽跟進左足。並攏。身體直立。足尖前胸。均向下手左方。同時兩手持棍。使棍尾直向下手起點戳去。兩手虎口相對。距離約二尺餘。棍頭棍尾成水平線。雙目廻視棍尾。（卽下手起點）其式如第十五圖。
A, your left foot first retreats a step toward the east, then your right foot follows to stand next to it, and your body stands straight, your toes and chest aligned toward the south. At the same time, your hands send the tail of your staff poking out toward the east, your tiger’s mouths facing each other just over two feet apart, the head and tail of your staff making a horizontal line. Your gaze is turned toward the tail of your staff (i.e. toward the east).
　　B, your left foot first retreats a step toward the west, then your right foot follows to stand next to it, and your body stands straight, your toes and chest aligned toward the north. At the same time, your hands send the tail of your staff poking out toward the west, your tiger’s mouths facing each other just over two feet apart, the head and tail of your staff making a horizontal line. Your gaze is turned toward the tail of your staff (i.e. toward the west). See photo 15:

–

第三章
(CHAPTER THREE)

顚倒陰陽第一動作
[13.1] REVERSING PASSIVE & ACTIVE – Part 1

上手人。右足先向下手敵方開一小步。左足再向下手敵方開一大步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。兩足距離二尺四五寸。成斜||字。前弓後箭步。同時兩手持棍。使棍尾直向下手人頭部打去。兩手握棍之距離。鬆至約三尺。棍頭斜出右胯下。棍端緊靠胸腹。雙目平視下手人。同時下手人。右足先向上手敵方開一小步。左足再向上手敵方開一大步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。兩足距離二尺四五寸。成斜||字前弓後箭步。同時兩手持棍。使棍尾直向上手人頭部打去。適於上手人之棍相抵觸。兩手握棍之距離。鬆至約三尺。棍頭斜出右胯下。棍端緊靠胸腹。雙目平視上手人。兩棍交义。互相對抗。其式如第十六圖。
A, your right foot first takes a small step toward B, then your left foot takes a large step toward B, the knee bending, your right leg straightening, your feet about two and a half feet apart and making diagonal parallel lines in a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your hands send the tail of your staff striking toward B’s head, your hands shifting their grip to be about three feet apart, the head of your staff sticking out below your right hip, the body of your staff against your chest. Your gaze is level toward B.
　　B, your right foot first takes a small step toward A, then your left foot takes a large step toward A, the knee bending, your right leg straightening, your feet about two and a half feet apart and making diagonal parallel lines in a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your hands send the tail of your staff striking toward A’s head, and should be bracing against A’s staff, your hands shifting their grip to be about three feet apart, the head of your staff sticking out below your right hip, the body of your staff against your chest. Your gaze is level toward A. The staffs are crossed, bracing against each other. See photo 16:

顚倒陰陽定式
[13.2] REVERSING PASSIVE & ACTIVE – Part 2

上手人。兩足原地不動。兩手持棍。使棍尾、由上向下。再向下手人左膝下端裏脛骨掃去。棍尾距地數寸。兩手握棍處。亦原樣不移。雙目低視下手人腿部。同時下手人。兩足原地不動。兩手握棍處。亦原樣距離不移。再使棍尾、由上向下。再向上手人左膝下端裏脛骨掃去。棍尾距地數寸。右手心朝上。置於右脇。二人棍頭。均斜出右腋後上方。棍端貼腹部。兩棍交义。互相撑拒。下手人目視上手人腿部。其式如第十七圖。
A, with your feet staying where they are, your hands send the tail of your staff downward from above and then sweeping toward the inner side of B’s left shinbone, stopping a few inches away, your hands not changing their position on your staff. Your gaze is downward toward B’s leg.
　　B, with your feet staying where they are and your hands not changing their position on your staff, send the tail of your staff downward from above and then sweeping toward the inner side of A’s left shinbone, stopping a few inches away, the center of your right hand facing upward, placed by your right ribs. Your gaze is toward A’s leg.
　　Each of you, your staff is sticking out diagonally upward behind your right armpit, the body of your staff against your belly. The staffs are crossed, bracing against each other. See photo 17:

披身貫頂
[14] DRAPING THE BODY ALL THE WAY TO THE HEADTOP

承上式。上手人。下手人。二人右足各向上手起點。下手起點。邁動數寸。二人同時、均改為右腿曲膝。左腿登直。二人左肩左腿均成斜直線。兩棍仍相抵。兩手握棍處不移。惟微向上斜提少許。上手人身體傾向上手起點。雙目廻視下手人。下手人身體傾向下手起點。雙目廻視上手人。上手人脊背向上手起點左面。下手人脊背向下手起點左面。其式如第十八圖。
Each of you, continuing from the previous posture, your right foot shifts a few inches toward the east, your stance switching to your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a diagonal line from your left shoulder along your left leg, the staffs still resisting against each other. Your grip on your staff does not shift, but you lift it slightly upward. A, your body is leaning toward the east, but your gaze is turned toward B. B, your body is leaning toward the west, but your gaze is turned toward A. A, your back is facing toward the south. B, your back is facing toward the north. See photo 18:

擎天捧月
[15] HOLD UP THE SKY TO CARRY THE MOON

上手人。右足先微橫。向外撇勁。左足再向上手起點、開一大步。兩足成正||字形。距離二尺四五寸。兩腿極力彎曲。身體極力下蹲。成矮𨀵馬步。同時兩手持棍。隨身轉時。朝上高舉。兩胳膊極力上伸。兩手握棍處。距離二尺七八寸。兩手虎口相對。棍尾向上手起點。棍頭與棍尾成水平線。兩足尖與前胸。均向上手起點左面。雙目廻視下手人。同時下手人。右足先微橫。向外撇勁。左足再向下手起點開一大步。兩足成正||字形。距離二尺四五寸。兩腿極力彎曲。身體極力下蹲。成矮𨀵馬步。同時兩手持棍。隨身轉時。朝上高舉。兩胳膊極力上伸。兩手握棍處。距離二尺七八寸。兩手虎口相對。棍尾向下手起點。棍頭與棍尾成水平線。兩足尖與前胸。均向下手起點左面。雙目廻視上手人。其式如第十九圖。
A, your right foot first slightly shifts sideways, swinging outward, then your left foot takes a large step toward the east, your feet making straight parallel lines about two and a half feet apart, your legs bending, your body strongly squatting down, making a low horse-riding stance. As your body turns around [rightward], your hands raise your staff high, your arms vigorously extending, your hands about two and three quarters feet apart on the staff, the tiger’s mouths facing each other. The tail of your staff is pointing toward the east, making a horizontal line with the head of your staff, the toes of both feet pointing toward the south, your chest also facing toward the south, your gaze turned toward B.
　　B, your right foot first slightly shifts sideways, swinging outward, then your left foot takes a large step toward the west, your feet making straight parallel lines about two and a half feet apart, your legs bending, your body strongly squatting down, making a low horse-riding stance. As your body turns around [rightward], your hands raise your staff high, your arms vigorously extending, your hands about two and three quarters feet apart on the staff, the tiger’s mouths facing each other. The tail of your staff is pointing toward the west, making a horizontal line with the head of your staff, the toes of both feet pointing toward the north, your chest also facing toward the north, your gaze turned toward A. See photo 19:

漁翁撑篙
[16] OLD FISHERMAN PUSHES OFF WITH THE PUNTING POLE

承上式。二人各將右足退囘。橫足落地。左手鬆開。右手握棍頭。由上向下手下方。向後（卽上手）再向上。劃一大圓圈。（卽打花）左手握住棍之前節。棍頭直出右胯後方。兩足成丁字拗步。左膝蓋抵於右膝彎裏端。身體極力下蹲。二人動作。完全相同。其定式。與拗步埋伏。一般無二。（參觀第五圖）
Continuing from the previous posture, you each pull back your right foot, the foot coming down sideways, and with your left hand loosening to shift its grip, your right hand sends the head of your staff downward to the rear [on your left side], [bringing the tail of your staff downward in front of you and then to the rear on your right side], then upward, drawing a large circle (performing a “flourish”). Your left hand is gripping the forward section of your staff, the head of your staff sticking out behind your right hip. Your feet are making a T-shaped twisted stance, your left knee braced against the back of your right knee, your body strongly squatting down. You are both performing the same movement, ending up in the same posture as in AMBUSH IN A TWISTED STANCE. (Review photo 5.)

同時二人右足先開半步。左足再各開一步。二人均成前弓後箭步。二人左足距離尺餘。同時上手人。用棍尾、直向下手人左足背刺去。棍頭直出右腋後方。身體傾向下手起點。雙目視下手人腿部。下手人。見上手人棍刺來。同時亦向上手人腿部。用棍尾還刺去。適與上手棍相抵觸。兩棍交叉。互相撑拒。兩棍尾均距地數寸。下手人棍頭直出右腋後方。身體傾向上手起點。雙目俯視上手人腿部。二人左手背均朝上。右手心均朝上。其式如第二十圖。
Then you each first send out your right foot a half step, then send out your left foot a full step, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your left foot just over a foot away from your opponent’s. A, at the same time, send the tail of your staff stabbing out toward the top of B’s foot, the head of your staff sticking out behind your right armpit, your body leaning toward the west, your gaze toward B’s leg.
　　B, also at the same time, when you notice the stab coming, use the tail of your staff to counter-stab toward A’s leg in order to resist against his staff. The staffs are crossed, bracing against each other, the tails of the staffs a few inches away from the ground. B, the head of your staff is sticking out behind your right armpit, your body is leaning toward the east, and your gaze is toward A’s leg.
　　For each of you, the back of your left hand is facing upward and the center of your right hand is facing downward. See photo 20:

二龍吐鬚
[17] TWIN DRAGONS SPIT OUT THEIR BEARDS

承上式。上手人。下手人。兩足原地均不動。上手人擰身向下手人。使右手甩棍頭。直向下手人顱頂摔去。兩手握棍處。距離二尺七八寸。左手置於右胯外。棍尾斜出左胯後方。棍頭斜出身體前上方。右手與左足上下相照。雙目平視下手人頭部。同時下手人。擰身向上手人。使右手甩棍頭。直向上手人顱頂摔去。兩手握棍。亦距離二尺七八寸。左手置於左胯外。棍尾斜出左胯後下方。棍頭斜出身體前上方。右手與左足上下相照。雙目平視上手人頭部。兩棍交叉。互相對抗。二人身體均向前微傾。其式如第二十一圖。
Continuing from the previous posture, you both do not move your feet. A, twist your body toward B, your right hand hurling the head of your staff toward B’s headtop, your hands gripping your staff about two and three quarters feet apart, your left hand placed to the outside of your right [left] hip. The tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally downward and behind your hip, the head of your staff sticking out diagonally upward in front of your body, and your right hand is aligned vertically with your left foot. Your gaze is toward B’s head.
　　B, at the same time, twist your body toward A, your right hand hurling the head of your staff toward A’s headtop, your hands gripping your staff about two and three quarters feet apart, your left hand placed to the outside of your left hip. The tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally downward and behind your hip, the head of your staff sticking out diagonally upward in front of your body, and your right hand is aligned vertically with your left foot. Your gaze is toward A’s head.
　　The staffs are crossed, bracing against each other, both of you slightly leaning your body forward. See photo 21:

觔斗倒翻
[18] ROLLING THE STAFFS OVER

下手人。右足向前開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。兩足距離二尺六七寸。成前弓後箭步。同時右手用力。使棍頭砸落上手人之棍頭。趁勢掉棍尾。用棍尾之一節。直摔上手人之頭部。其時棍頭已換入左手。右手已握棍尾之前節。上手人。待下手人張棍尾摔砸時。左足先向上手右方（卽上手起點右面）開一大步。右足不動。同時右手將棍頭。向懷中捺下。左手使棍尾高起至頭部時。適下手人之棍尾。已張至近顱頂處。上手人趁勢用棍尾。在下手人棍尾之裏端攔住。然後用力。將下手人之棍尾。按至下方。趁勢順着下手人之棍。橫掃下手人之手指。二人互視兩手。此式練習時不停。因其中含有極奧妙之着法。特由此處照像。如果二人再開步拍照。則此中鈎心鬥角之關鍵。不易明瞭矣。餘法當於下式動作中敍明。其式如第二十二圖。
B, your right foot steps forward, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, your feet about two and two thirds feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your right hand forcefully sends the head of your staff smashing down the head of A’s staff, then your left hand switches to hold the head section as your right hand grabs the tail section and hurls it toward A’s head.
　　A, once you notice the tail of B’s staff smashing toward you, your left foot takes a large step across toward the north, your right foot staying where it is. At the same time, your right hand sends the head of your staff pressing down toward your chest and your left hand lifts the tail of your staff up to head height to meet the tail of B’s staff as it approaches your headtop, blocking it away from the inside [i.e. from right to left], then forcefully press down the tail of B’s staff, and then sweep along his staff toward his fingers. You are both looking toward each other.
　　When practicing, you will not pause in this posture. This is a very subtle technique. If the two people continued stepping beyond the point they are at in this photo, their jockeying for position [by continuing to step sideways toward the north] would not be easy to understand. The rest of the technique will be made clear in the following movement. See photo 22:

神棒趕山
[19] MAGIC CUDGELS SEARCH THE HILLS

承上式不停。上手人。趁勢順下手人之棍。橫掃下手人之手指。下手人。亦趁勢向下手左方（卽下手起點左面）橫走。卽由上手人之棍下端。亦橫掃上手人之左脇。上手人亦向上手起點右方橫走。二人追逐。由一步至三步為止。要看地勢寬窄。下手人用棍尾。橫掃上手人之腰脇時。追至極處。上手人急向後退左足登直。向下手開右足曲膝。下手人之棍落空。上手人再掉棍頭。向下方擋住下手人之棍尾。兩棍交叉。互相抵抗。上手人之棍頭。下手人之棍尾。均距地數寸。上手人之棍尾。斜出左肘腋後方。棍端緊靠腹部。身體傾向下手人。雙目俯視下手人之足部。下手人之定式。走至右足在前曲膝。左足在後登直。兩足距離二尺七八寸。成前弓後箭步。棍端緊貼腹部。棍頭斜出左肘左腋後方。雙目俯視上手人之足部。其式如第二十三圖。
Continue from the previous posture without pausing. A, you are sweeping along B’s staff toward his fingers. B, you are going along with this by walking across toward the north while also sweeping under A’s staff toward his left ribs. You are both chasing each other for three steps [right, left, right for B; left, right left for A; and with the third step going more toward the opponent rather than purely northward]. (Be mindful of the width of the practice space.)
　　A, while the tail of B’s staff is sweeping across toward your waist, you are quickly retreating [your right foot stepping toward the north, then your left foot], and then your left leg straightens as your right foot steps toward B, the knee bending. Having given B’s staff nothing to land on, drop the head of your staff down to brace away the tail of his staff. The staffs are crossed, bracing against each other, the head of A’s staff and the tail of B’s staff both a few inches away from the ground. A, the tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your left elbow, the staff against your belly. Your body is leaning toward B, your gaze downward toward his [left] foot.
　　B, you finish with your right foot in front, the knee bending, your left leg straightening behind, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. The body of your staff is against your belly, the head of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your left elbow and left ribs. Your gaze is lowered toward A’s [right] foot. See photo 23:

槍棒交鋒
[20] SPEAR & CUDGEL CLASHING

上手人。下手人。承上式二人兩足原地均不動。仍為右弓左箭步。同時下手人。視上手人擋住下方之棍尾。遂將棍高舉。仍用棍尾斜砍上手人頭部。上手人。見下手人向頭部砍來。亦將在下之棍頭。朝上高舉。斜攔下手人之棍尾。上手人之棍尾。斜出左胯後方。左手緊貼左胯。下手人之棍頭。斜出左胯後方。左手緊貼左胯。二人之右胳膊。均要彎曲。如半月形。兩手握棍之距離。仍約二尺五六寸。上手人之棍頭。與下手人之棍尾。互相抗拒。二人互視右手。其式如第二十四圖。
Continuing from the previous posture, both of you keep your feet where they are, still in a stance of right leg a bow, left leg an arrow. B, when you see A bracing against the tail of your staff below, raise the tail of your staff to diagonally slash toward his head. A, when you see B slashing toward your head, raise the head of your staff to diagonally block the tail of B’s staff. A, the tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your left hip, your left hand against your left hip. B, the head of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your left hip, your left hand against your left hip. Each of you, your right arm is bent to make a crescent-moon shape and your hands are positioned on your staff still about two and a half feet apart. The staffs are bracing against each other at the head of A’s staff and the tail of B’s staff. You are both looking toward each other’s right hand. See photo 24:

流星趕月
[21.1] METEOR CHASES THE MOON – Part 1

上手人。先用棍頭。按住下手人之棍尾。右手用力。使棍頭砸落下手人之棍尾。趁勢掉棍尾之一節。直向下手人之頭部摔去。其時棍頭已換入左手。右手已握棍尾之前節。下手人。待上手人張棍尾摔砸時。左足先向下手右方（下手起點右面）橫開一大步。右足不動。同時右手將棍尾。向懷中按下。左手使棍頭高起至頭部時。適上手人之棍尾。已張至近顱頂處。下手人。趁勢用棍頭。在上手人棍尾之裏端攔住。然後用力。將上手人之棍尾。捺至下方。趁勢順着上手人之棍、橫掃上手人之手指。上手人。速將右足向上手左方。（卽上手起點左面）橫開一大步。成為右腿曲膝。左腿登直。前弓後箭步。已閃開下手人之棍頭。上手人之棍頭。斜出左肩。左手與肩平。擰身扭視下手人之左手。下手人之定式。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。棍尾之一節。緊貼胸部。棍頭微低。目視上手人右手。此式練習時不停。因其中含有極奧妙之着法。特由此處照像。如至終點照像。則此中鈎心鬥角之關鍵。不易明瞭矣。餘法當於下式動作中敍明。其式如第二十五圖。
A, first use the head of your staff to push down the tail of A’s staff, your right hand forcefully sending the head of your staff to smash down the tail of his staff, then your left hand switches to hold the head section as your right hand grabs the tail section and hurls it toward B’s head.
　　B, once you notice the tail of B’s staff smashing toward you, your left foot takes a large step across toward the north, your right foot staying where it is. At the same time, your right hand sends the tail of your staff pressing down toward your chest and your left hand lifts the head of your staff up to head height to meet the tail of A’s staff as it approaches your headtop, blocking it away from the inside [i.e. from right to left], then forcefully press down the tail of A’s staff, and then sweep along his staff toward his fingers.
　　A, quickly send your right foot in a large step across toward the south, and your right knee bends, your left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, thereby dodging the head of B’s staff. The head of your staff is sticking out past your left shoulder, the hand at shoulder level. Your body is twisted, your gaze toward B’s left hand.
　　B, you finish with your left knee bending, right leg straightening, the tail of your staff close to your chest, the head of your staff slightly lower than the tail. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand.
　　When practicing, you will not pause in this posture. This is a very subtle technique. If the two people continued stepping beyond the point they are at in this photo, their jockeying for position [by continuing to step sideways toward the south] would not be easy to understand. The rest of the technique will be made clear in the following movement. See photo 25:

流星趕月變動式
[21.2] METEOR CHASES THE MOON – Part 2

承上式不停。下手人趁勢順上手人之棍。橫掃上手人之手指上手人。亦趁勢向上手左上。（卽上手起點左面）再橫開左足一步。順着下手人棍之下端。亦橫掃下手人之左脇。下手人。亦向下手右方（卽下手起點右面）橫走。二人追逐。由一步至三步為止。要隨地勢寬窄。上手人用棍尾橫掃下手人之腰脇時。追至極處。下手人急向下手後方退左足登直。右腿曲膝。成右弓左箭步。上手人之棍卽落空。下手人再掉棍尾。向下方擋住上手人之棍尾。上手人之定式。走至右足在前曲膝。左足在後登直。成前弓後箭步。棍頭斜出左肘左腋後方。棍端貼腹部。身體傾向下手人。目視下手人之右手。下手人棍頭。斜出左肘左腋後方。棍端緊貼腹部。目視上手人之右手。二人之棍尾。距地均約數寸。互相撑拒。其式如第二十六圖。
Continue from the previous posture without pausing. B, you are sweeping along A’s staff toward his fingers. A, you are going along with this by walking across toward the south while also sweeping under B’s staff toward his left ribs. You are both chasing each other for three steps [right, left, right for A; left, right left for B; and with the third step going more toward the opponent rather than purely southward]. (Be mindful of the width of the practice space.)
　　B, while the tail of A’s staff is sweeping across toward your waist, you are quickly retreating [your right foot stepping toward the south, then your left foot], and then your left leg straightens, your right knee bending, making a stance of right leg a bow, left leg an arrow. Having given A’s staff nothing to land on, drop the tail of your staff down to brace away the tail of his staff.
　　A, you finish with your right foot in front, the knee bending, your left leg straightening behind, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. The head of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your left elbow and left ribs, the body of your staff against your belly. Your body is leaning toward B, your gaze toward B’s right hand.
　　B, the head of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your left elbow and left armpit, the body of your staff against your belly, your gaze is toward A’s right hand. The tails of the staffs are a few inches away from the ground, bracing against each other. See photo 26:

乞丐奔門
[22] BEGGAR FLEES THROUGH THE GATE

上手人。左足先向上手起點。橫墊半步。右足再向上手起點。開一步。足尖極力朝裏鈎勁。向右方。（上手起點右面）兩足距離一尺餘。成倒八字步。同時兩手持棍。隨身前帶。左手握棍頭。緊貼右胯。右手握前節。斜伸臀部後方。與左足上下相照。兩手心均朝下。擰身扭項。由上手右方回頭。目視下手人。同時下手人。左足亦先向下手起點。橫墊半步。右足再向下手起點。開一步。足尖極力朝裏鈎勁。向右方。（下手起點右面）兩足距離一尺餘。成倒八字步。同時兩手持棍。隨身前帶。左手握棍頭。緊靠右胯。右手握前節。斜伸臀部後方。與左足上下相照。兩手心均朝下。擰身扭項。由下手右方回頭。目視上手人。二人之棍尾。距離地尺許。此係過渡法。練習時不停。其定式。當在下式動作敍明。其式如第二十七圖。
A, first your left foot goes out a half step toward the east, the foot turning sideways, and then your right foot goes out a full step toward the east, the toes hooking in to be pointing toward the north, your feet just over a foot apart, making a reverse ninety-degree stance [which in the photo is shown only by B, with A finishing in more of a bow stance]. At the same time, your hands go along with [the leftward turning of] your body by dragging your staff forward, your left hand holding the head of your staff close to your right hip, your right hand holding the forward section of the staff behind your right buttock, the arm extended diagonally to make a line parallel to your left leg. The centers of both hands are facing downward. Your body and neck are twisting, your head turning from the north so that your gaze is toward B.
　　B, first your left foot goes out a half step toward the west, the foot turning sideways, and then your right foot goes out a full step toward the west, the toes hooking in to be pointing toward the south, your feet just over a foot apart, making a reverse ninety-degree stance. At the same time, your hands go along with [the leftward turning of] your body by dragging your staff forward, your left hand holding the head of your staff close to your right hip, your right hand holding the forward section of the staff behind your right buttock, the arm extended diagonally to make a line parallel to your left leg. The centers of both hands are facing downward. Your body and neck are twisting, your head turning from the south so that your gaze is toward A.
　　The tails of the staffs are about a foot away from the ground. This is a transitional posture. When practicing, do not pause in it, the finishing posture of this technique being that of the following movement. See photo 27:

當頭棒喝第一動作
[23.1] REBUKE HIM WITH A SUDDEN CUDGELING TO THE HEAD – Part 1

承上式。似停未停時。二人同時動作。上手人。先將左足向下手（上手起點之前面）橫墊半步。右足再由左足後。超過左足。向下手（上手起點之前面）再開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。同時兩手持棍。隨身體轉時。使棍尾由下方。橫掃下手人之腿部。下手人。亦將左足向上手（卽下手起點之前面）橫墊半步。右足再由左足後。超過左足。向上手（卽下手起點之前面）再開一步。成右弓左箭步。同時兩手持棍。隨身體轉時。使棍尾由下方。橫掃上手人之腿部。其定式與二十六圖。（見上）
Continuing from the previous posture, appearing to pause but not pausing, you both perform the same movement. A, first your left foot takes a half step toward B (i.e. toward the west), the foot coming down sideways, then your right foot takes a full step forward from behind your left foot and toward B in the west, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your hands send your staff along with the [leftward] turn of your body, causing the tail of your staff to sweep across toward B’s leg.
　　B, first your left foot takes a half step toward the A (i.e. toward the east), the foot coming down sideways, then your right foot takes a full step forward from behind your left foot and toward A in the east, making a stance of right leg a bow, left leg an arrow. At the same time, your hands send your staff along with the [leftward] turn of your body, causing the tail of your staff to sweep across toward A’s leg. You both end up in the same position as in photo 26.

一般無二。同時上手人。兩足不動。兩手持棍高起。再用棍尾。直向下手人頭部斜砍。棍頭斜出左胯後方。棍之中節。緊貼胸腹。棍尾順右肩斜向上。右胳膊曲如半月。目視下手人。同時下手人。兩足承上式不動。兩手持棍高起。再用棍尾。直向上手人頭部斜砍。適於上手人之棍尾相觸。兩棍交叉。互相對抗。下手人一切姿式。與上手人完全相同。其式如第二十八圖。
Then you both continue by still performing the same movement as each other. With your feet staying where they are, your hands lift up the tail of your staff and send it slashing diagonally toward your opponent’s head. The head of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your left hip, the middle section against your chest and belly, the tail pointing diagonally upward in line with your right shoulder, your right arm bent to make a crescent-moon shape. Your gaze is toward your opponent. The tails of the staffs should be crossed, bracing against each other. You are both in the same final position. See photo 28:

當頭棒喝定式
[23.2] REBUKE HIM WITH A SUDDEN CUDGELING TO THE HEAD – Part 2

上手人兩足不動。兩手握棍。用力將下手人之棍尾按至下方。下手人趁勢微退右足。左足急向上手開一步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。兩足距離二尺七八寸。成前弓後箭步。同時將棍尾撤至右胯後方。卽甩棍頭向上手人頭部摔砸。上手人。仍用棍尾。擋住下手人之棍頭。上手人之棍尾。與下手人之棍頭。互相抗拒。棍端各貼自己胸腹。兩手握棍之距離。各約二尺七八寸。上手人之右手。下手人之左手。均如半月形。二人互視。此式練習時不停。因恐讀者不易明瞭。由此附圖。其式如第二十九圖。
A, with your feet staying where they are, your hands send your staff to forcefully push down the tail of B’s staff.
　　B, take advantage of this momentum by slightly retreating your right foot and quickly stepping out toward A with your left foot, the knee bending, your right leg straightening, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, as you withdraw the tail of your staff until it is behind your right hip and hurl the head of your staff to smash toward A’s head.
　　A, again using the tail of your staff, block the head of B’s staff. The staffs are strongly resisting against each other. For each of you, the rear section of your staff is against your chest and belly, your hands gripping the staff about two and three quarters feet apart. A’s right arm and B’s left arm are both like crescent moons. Your gaze is toward your opponent. When practicing, there is no pausing in this posture, but because it may be too difficult for the reader to understand otherwise, a photo has been included to show this transition. See photo 29:

金槍刺脇
[24] GOLDEN SPEAR STABS TO THE RIBS

上手人承上式不停。復將下手人之棍頭。向外按下。待下手人之棍頭已離中門時。上手人遂卽用棍尾。直向下手人左脇部刺來。下手人卽用棍頭。向外撥開。撥至上手人棍尾離中門時。連壓帶擠。已至膝部。下手人速將左足退囘。距右足約一尺。足尖觸地。足踵提起。身體直立。棍尾斜出右肩上方。棍頭距左膝約一尺餘。目視上手人之右手。上手人棍頭。置於左腋。左手置左乳下。身體傾向下手。目視下手人之左手。其式如第三十圖。
A, continue from the previous posture without pausing by pushing the head of B’s staff outward and downward. Once the head of his staff is off center, then use the tail of your staff to stab toward his left ribs.
　　B, use the head of your staff to deflect it away. Once the tail of A’s staff is off center, continue to press down and lead away, and as it approaches your knee, quickly withdraw your left foot so that it is about a foot away from your right foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, your body standing straight. The tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally above your right shoulder and the head of your staff is just over a foot away from your left knee. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand.
　　A, the head of your staff is placed at your left ribs, your left hand placed below the left side of your chest. Your body is leaning toward B, your gaze toward his left hand. See photo 30:

–

第四章
(CHAPTER FOUR)

連環蓋頂
[25] CONTINUE INTO COVERING HIS HEAD

下手人左足落地。右足向上手起點。開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。兩足距離約三尺。成前弓後箭步。同時兩手持棍。用棍尾直向上手人顱頂摔去。右手直向上手伸出。左手握棍頭。置於左脇。目視上手人顱頂。同時上手人。速向上手起點退一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。左足與下手人之右足相並。身向上手右方。成前弓後箭步。同時兩手持棍。朝上高舉。過頂約數寸。架住下手人之棍尾。下手棍自不能近我。棍頭向下手。棍尾向上手。雙目扭視下手人。其式如第三十一圖。
B, your left foot comes down and your right foot takes a step toward the east, the knee bending, your left leg straightening, your feet about three feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your hands hurl the tail of your staff toward A’s headtop, your right hand extending toward A, your left hand placing the head of your staff at your left ribs. Your gaze is toward A’s headtop.
　　A, quickly retreat a step toward the east, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, your left foot standing next to B’s right foot, your body facing toward the north, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your hands raise your staff a few inches above your head, propping away the tail of B’s staff so that his staff cannot get close to you. The head of your staff is pointed toward the west, the tail of your staff toward the east, your gaze turned toward B. See photo 31:

雙龍奪珠
[26] TWIN DRAGONS WRESTLING FOR A PEARL

承上式。上手人。已架住下手人之棍尾。復趁勢合扣棍頭。已將下手人之棍尾。捺至膝蓋下端。棍頭已拄地。插於下手人右足裏端。左手靠近左膝蓋。棍尾斜出右肘後方。兩足成正||字馬步𨀵。身體極力下蹲。兩足尖均向上手右方。（卽上下起點之右面）目視下手人之右手。同時下手人。兩足就原地。改為馬步𨀵法。距離遠近。仍如上式。棍尾已插於上手人左足之裏端。拄地。右手握棍處。靠近右膝蓋。棍頭斜出左脇左肘後方。身體極力下蹲。兩足尖與前胸。與上手人同向一處。目視上手人之左手。其式如第三十二圖。
A, continue from the previous posture, going from propping away the tail of B’s staff to covering over it with the head of your staff, pushing it down below knee level, the head of your staff inserting to touch the ground to the inside of B’s right foot, your left hand close to your left knee. The tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your right elbow, your feet making parallel lines in a horse-riding stance, your body strongly squatting down, the toes of both feet pointing toward the north. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand.
　　B, your feet stay where they are, switching to a horse-riding stance, your feet still the same distance apart as in the previous posture, the tail of your staff inserting to touch the ground to the inside of A’s left foot, your right hand holding your staff close to your right knee, the head of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your left ribs and left elbow. Your body is strongly squatting down, the toes of both feet pointing toward the north, your chest also facing toward the north. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand. See photo 32:

橫掃千軍
[27] SWEEPING ASIDE A THOUSAND SOLDIERS

下手人之棍尾。已被上手人之棍頭。壓捺於膝蓋下端。上下皆無出路。惟有向下手抽退之一法。右足先向下手起點邁回一步。左足原地。向上手橫邁數寸。轉向上手。足尖已向上手起點之右角。右足再向上手起點。開一大步。足尖亦向上手起點右角。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。距離仍約二尺七八寸。其時棍已抽出。隨着身體轉時。用棍尾。直向上手人腰部橫掃。由左至右。適劃成圍身一平圓圈。左手棍頭。停於左脇。右手伸於前方。（上手）棍頭棍尾。成水平線。目視上手人腰部。同時上手。人右足作轉。軸左足速向上手起點。開回一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。兩足尖斜向下手起點右角。身體轉回時。見下手人之棍尾。橫掃而來。趁勢將棍。上下豎直。已將下手人之棍尾撑離中門。棍頭距右足背數寸。左手置於右膝蓋上方。棍尾朝上直豎。右手握棍尾。置於頭部上方。目視下手人。其式如第三十三圖。
B, once the tail of your staff has been pressed down below knee level by the head of A’s staff, there is no way for it to move up or down, only back, and so your right foot first withdraws a step toward the west, your left foot staying where it is and shifting across a few inches as you turn around [leftward] to again be facing A, the toes of your left foot pointing toward the northeast, and then your right foot takes a large step toward the east, the toes also pointing toward the northeast, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart. At the same time, your staff withdraws, goes along with your body as it turns around, and then the tail of your staff sweeps left to right [right to left] toward A’s waist, having drawn a full circle around your body. Your left hand has brought the head of your staff to your left ribs, your right hand extending forward toward A, your staff from head to tail making a horizontal line. Your gaze is toward A’s waist.
　　A, your right foot pivots as your left foot quickly withdraws a step toward the east, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, the toes of both feet pointing diagonally toward the southwest. As your body turns and you see the tail of B’s staff sweeping across toward you, take control of the situation by making your staff vertical and bracing away the tail of B’s staff with the middle of your staff, the head of your staff a few inches away from the top of your right foot, your left hand placed over your right knee, the tail of your staff pointing straight up, your right hand placed higher than your head. Your gaze is toward B. See photo 33:

鼎足分爭第一動作
[28.1] THE FEET OF THE CAULDRON VIE FOR BALANCE – Part 1

上手人。將下手人之棍撑出中門後。下手人之顱頂適已空虛。趁勢用棍尾。直向下手人頭部摔去。左手握棍頭。置於腹部。右手向下手起點上伸。棍尾斜向上方。兩足承上式不動。下手人。見上手人棍來。雙手向顱頂上方平舉。架住上手人之棍。身體前胸。擰向上手正面。棍尾棍頭。成水平線。棍頭平向上手起點右角。兩足承上式。右弓左箭步。不動。二人互視。其式如第三十四圖。
A, after you brace away B’s staff off center, B’s headtop is an open target, so seize the opportunity by hurling the tail of your staff toward B’s head. Your left hand places the head of your staff by your belly and your right hand points the tail of your staff diagonally upward toward the west, your feet staying where they are.
　　B, when you see A’s staff coming, your hands raise your staff to be horizontal above your headtop, propping away A’s staff, your body twisting so that your chest is facing toward A. Your staff from head to tail is making a horizontal line, the head of your staff pointing toward the northeast, your feet staying where they are in a stance of right leg a bow, left leg an arrow. You are both looking toward each other. See photo 34:

鼎足分爭定式
[28.2] THE FEET OF THE CAULDRON VIE FOR BALANCE – Part 2

上手人。見下手人兩手舉棍。身體下部完全空虛。趁勢橫退右足數寸。足尖向上手右方。（卽上手起點之右面）左足在後提踵。距右足約一尺。左膝彎抵於右膝彎裏端。成丁字拗步。身體極力下蹲。同時右手握棍尾端。由上猛向後按。用棍頭由下方。直向下手人下部攉去。棍頭距地尺餘。棍尾斜出右肘右腋後方。目視下手人腿部。同時下手人。見上手人之棍頭攉來。右足猛向下手左邊橫邁一步。已閃過上手人之棍頭。兩足仍為右弓左箭步。距離約二尺七八寸。上手棍頭。旣已落空。下手人。遂用棍尾。猛向上手人之棍頭蓋住。目視上手人之左手。其式如第三十五圖。
A, when you see B raise his staff, your lower body disappears, your right foot retreating several inches, the foot turned sideways so the toes are pointing toward the north, and your left heel lifts, your feet about a foot apart, your left knee pressing against the back of your right knee, making a T-shaped twisted stance, your body strongly squatting down. At the same time, your right hand suddenly pulls back the tail of your staff from above and pushes it down to the rear, sending the head of your staff from below to shovel toward B’s lower body, finishing just over a foot away from the ground, the tail sticking out diagonally behind your right elbow and right armpit. Your gaze is toward B’s waist.
　　B, when you see the head of A’s staff coming in with a shoveling action, your right foot suddenly shifts a step to your left to dodge it, still making a stance of right leg a bow, left leg an arrow, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart. Once the head of A’s staff has landed on nothing, use the tail of your staff to fiercely cover it downward. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand. See photo 35:

金剛伏虎
[29] ARHAT TAMES THE TIGER

承上式。上手人用力挑起下手人之棍尾。互相撓拒。同時直向上手右面捺下。上手人之棍頭。已將下手人之棍尾。按於膝蓋下端。二人均改馬步矮𨀵法。上手人之棍頭拄地。止於下手人右足裏端。下手人之棍尾。亦拄地。止於上手人左足裏端。兩棍交叉。互相撑拒。上手人之棍尾。斜出右肘右胯後方。左手握棍頭之一節。與左膝貼近。身體極力下蹲。目視下手人之右手。下手人之棍頭。斜出左肘左腋後方。右手握棍處。亦與右膝貼近。目視上手人之左手。其式如第三十六圖。
A, continuing from the previous posture, lift up the tail of B’s staff, pressing against it, then push it down toward the north, using the head of your staff to send the tail of B’s staff below your knee.
　　Both of you are switching to a horse-riding stance. A, the head of your staff is touching the ground to the inside of B’s right foot. B, the tail of your staff is touching the ground to the inside of A’s left foot. The staffs are crossing, bracing against each other.
　　A, the tail of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your right elbow and right hip [armpit], your left hand close to your left knee, your body strongly squatting down. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand.
　　B, the head of your staff is sticking out diagonally behind your left elbow and left armpit, your right hand close to your right knee. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand. See photo 36:

架海金樑
[30] GOLDEN BRIDGE HOLDS BACK THE SEA

下手人兩足原地不動。兩胳膊用力。使棍尾挑起上手人之棍頭。挑至頭部時。上手人先退左足。向上手起點。再換右足。向下手開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。兩足距離二尺七八寸。足尖斜向下手右角。同時兩手抽回棍頭。掄起棍尾。趁勢直向下手人頭部摔砸。下手人趁勢兩手將棍平舉過頂。架住上手人之棍尾。上手人之棍頭。緊貼左胯。左手置左乳下方。目視下手人顱頂。下手人棍頭。斜向上手右角。棍尾斜向下手右角。前胸擰至正面。向上手起點。目視上手人。其式如第三十七圖。
B, with your feet staying where they are, your arms forcefully send the tail of your staff upward to carry the head of A’s staff up to head level.
　　A, first your left foot retreats toward the east, then your right foot steps out toward B, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, the toes of both feet pointing toward the southwest. At the same time, withdraw the head of your staff and hurl the tail of your staff toward B’s head.
　　B, your hands raise your staff to be horizontal over your head, propping away the tail of A’s staff.
　　A, the head of your staff is close to your left hip, your left hand placed below the left side of your chest. Your gaze is toward B’s headtop.
　　B, the head of your staff is pointing diagonally toward the northeast, the tail of your staff pointing diagonally toward the southwest, your chest twisting to be facing toward the east. Your gaze is toward A. See photo 37:

靈貓捕鼠
[31.1] QUICK CAT CATCHES THE MOUSE – Part 1

下手人。趁勢退右足。左足向上手起點開一步。兩足距離約三尺。兩足尖均向右方。（卽下手起點右面）兩腿彎曲。成馬步𨀵法。同時合扣棍頭。將上手人之棍尾拿下。按至左膝蓋下端。棍頭在左足外方拄地。左手握棍頭之上端。緊貼左膝裏端。棍尾斜出右脇後上方。目視上手人之右手。上手人。兩足原地不動。棍頭斜出左肘左腋後方。棍尾被下手人之棍頭捺住。止於下手人左足裏端尺許。右手握棍。置於右膝外方。身體傾向下手。目視下手人之膝端。其式如第三十八圖。
B, continuing from the previous movement, your right foot steps back and your left foot steps out toward the east, your feet about three feet apart, the toes of both feet pointing toward the south, both legs bending, making a horse-riding stance. At the same time, use the head of your staff to grab the tail of A’s staff, pushing it downward until below your left knee, the head of your staff touching the ground to the outside of your left foot, your left hand holding the forward section of your staff close to the inside of your left knee, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your right ribs. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand.
　　A, with your feet staying where they are, the head of your staff sticks out diagonally behind your left elbow and left ribs as the tail is pressed down by the head of B’s staff and finishes about a foot to the inside of B’s left foot, your right hand holding your staff to the outside of your right knee. Your body is leaning toward B, your gaze toward B’s knee. See photo 38:

靈貓捕鼠變動式
[31.2] QUICK CAT CATCHES THE MOUSE – Part 2

承上式。下手人兩足原地不動。右手先鬆開棍尾之一端。左手握棍頭。趁勢用棍尾。向上手人之頭部摔去。棍尾摔出後。速換右手握棍頭。左手握棍尾之一端。右手置於右胯。棍尾朝上斜豎。左胳膊伸去微曲。目視上手人。同時上手人。左足原地。右足退至左足前約一尺。左膝蓋抵於右膝彎裏端。成丁字拗步。同時握棍。原地向上高起。趁勢用棍尾掛出下手人之棍尾。下手人之棍。自離中門。上手人之左手。仍貼腹部。左端。右手朝上斜伸。二人棍端。均貼前胸。上手人目視下手人之棍端上方。其式如第三十九圖。
B, continuing from the previous posture, with your feet staying where they are, your right hand lets go of the tail of your staff, your left hand holding the head of your staff sends the tail hurling toward A’s head, then your right hand quickly switches to grab the head of your staff and your left hand shifts to hold the tail, your right hand placing it at your right hip. The tail of your staff is pointing diagonally upward, your left arm extended but slightly bent. Your gaze is toward A.
　　A, with your left foot staying where it is, your right foot retreats to be about a foot in front of your left foot, your left knee braced against the back of your right knee, making a T-shaped twisted stance. At the same time, lift the tail of your staff and use it to hang aside the tail of B’s staff, sending it off center, your left hand remaining against your belly, your right arm extending diagonally upward. For each of you, the body of your staff is against your chest. A, your gaze is toward the upper section of B’s staff. See photo 39:

抽樑換柱
[32] PULLING OUT A ROOF BEAM TO REPLACE A PILLAR

上手人兩足原地不動。身體極力下蹲。趁勢將棍尾。由上方掉囘。置於右脇後方。速用棍頭。由下方直向下手人左腿攉去。目視下手人之膝部。下手人。見上手棍來。趁勢將棍尾。由上挪至下方。擋住上手人之棍頭。上手人之棍頭。已離中門。落空。斜向下手人左膝前方。兩棍距地均約一尺。下手人之棍頭。斜出右肩上方。右胳膊彎曲。如半月形。棍端緊貼胸部。目視上手人之左手。其式如第四十圖。
A, with your feet staying where they are, your body strongly squats down, the tail of your staff drops from above to be placed behind your right ribs, and you quickly send the head of your staff from below to shovel toward B’s left leg. Your gaze is toward B’s knee.
　　B, when you see A’s staff coming, shift the tail of your staff downward from above to brace away the head of his staff and send it off center so that it is pointing away diagonally in front of your left knee, both staffs about a foot away from the ground. The head of your staff is sticking out diagonally above your right shoulder, the arm bent to make a crescent-moon shape, the body of your staff close to your chest. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand. See photo 40:

猛虎翻身
[33] FIERCE TIGER TURNS AROUND

上手人承上式。右足改為前弓後箭步。由下方撤囘棍頭。復用棍尾。直向下手人之頭部摔去。下手人速用棍尾向後撥開。（卽下手起點左面）上手人趁下手人舉棍撥時。順式直刺下手人之左脇。下手人。左足速向下手起點開一步。兩足尖向下手起點。距離約二尺。成斜||字步。其時上手人之棍尾。已落空。下手人之定式。擰身由右方（下手右面）囘頭。目視上手人之右手。右手棍頭。高舉顱頂尺許。棍尾斜向上手起點下垂。與上手之棍相觸。上手人身體傾向下手起點。目視下手人之腰部。其式如第四十一圖。
A, continuing from the previous posture, your right foot switches [by stepping forward, the foot turning inward] to a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, as you withdraw the head of your staff from below and hurl the tail of your staff toward B’s head.
　　B, quickly use the tail of your staff to deflect it away (toward the north).
　　A, when B’s raises his staff and deflects, go along with the momentum by stabbing [with the tail of your staff] toward his left ribs.
　　B, your left foot quickly takes a step toward the west, the toes of both feet pointing toward the west, your feet about two feet apart, making a diagonal-parallel stance, [your retreat] causing the tail of A’s staff to landed on nothing. Your body is twisted toward the south with your head turned, your gaze toward A’s right hand, and your right hand has raised the head of your staff about a foot away from your headtop, the tail of your staff pointing diagonally downward toward the east, bracing against A’s staff.
　　A, your body is leaning toward the west, your gaze toward B’s waist. See photo 41:

回身埋伏第一動作
[34.1] TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 1

下手人。趁勢轉身。（向右轉身係下手起點左面）轉身後。右足提踵。足尖觸地。兩足距尺餘。身體重點。移於左腿。同時棍過頂。棍頭握於左手。置於腹部。右手握中節。直向上手人下部刺去。上手人。右足向左方（上手起點左面）橫邁一步。已閃開下手人之棍尾。再用棍尾。向右（上手起點右面）撥開下手人之棍尾。其棍已離中門落空。上手人右足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於左腿。棍頭貼左肘左脇。左手貼左乳部。二人棍尾。距地尺許。目視下手人之右手。下手人目視上手人之右手。兩棍抵觸。其式如第四十二圖。
B, continue by turning around (rightward, so your body ends up facing toward the north), finishing with your right heel lifted, toes touching down, your feet just over a foot apart, the weight shifted onto your left leg. At the same time, the staff goes over your head, your left hand shifting farther down the head of your staff and being placed by your belly, your right hand shifting to the middle of your staff, and you stab out toward A’s lower body.
　　A, your right foot steps out toward the south, the foot pointing sideways, to dodge the tail of B’s staff as you use the tail of your own staff to deflect it, sending it off center to your right (i.e. toward the north). Your right toes are touching down, the heel lifted, both legs bending, the weight shifted onto your left leg. The head of your staff is close to your left elbow and left ribs, your left hand near the left side of your chest.
　　The tails of the staffs are each about a foot away from the ground. A, your gaze is toward B’s right hand. B, your gaze is toward A’s right hand. The staffs are bracing against each other. See photo 42 [43]:

囘身埋伏第二動作
[34.2] TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 2

下手人右足微退。仍為足尖觸地。足踵提起。身體微起。同時抽囘棍尾。仍用棍尾。重向上手人之膝部刺來。兩手之部位。棍之高矮。完全與上式相同。上手人。見下手人棍尾刺來。左足原地不動。右足微向右方（上手起點右面）挪數寸。仍為足尖觸地。足踵提起。趁勢抽棍。仍用棍尾。向左方（卽上手起點左面）撥出下手人之棍尾。下手棍尾。自離中門落空。上手人。兩手之部位。與上式完全相同。兩棍尾交叉。距地約一尺。二人互視。其式如第四十三圖。
B, your right foot slightly retreats, still touching down with the toes, the heel lifted, your body slightly rising. At the same time, pull back the tail of your staff and use it to again strongly stab toward A’s knee, the position of your hands and the height of your staff remaining the same as before.
　　A, when you see the tail of B’s staff stabbing toward you, your left foot stays where it is and your right foot shifts a few inches toward the north, still touching down with the toes, the heel lifted. At the same time, pull back the tail of your staff and use it to again deflect the tail of B’s staff, sending it off center to your left (i.e. toward the south), the position of your hands on your staff remaining the same as before.
　　The tails of the staff are crossed and are about a foot away from the ground. For both of you, your gaze is toward your opponent. See photo 43 [42]:

囘身埋伏定式
[34.3] TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 3

承上式。下手人兩足原地原樣。微向下蹲。兩手速抽棍尾。重用棍尾。再刺上手人之膝部。兩手之部位。棍之高矮。與上式一般無二。目視上手人之腿部。同時上手人。見下手棍來。右足向左（上手起點左面）邁數寸落地。左足再向下手起點開一步。兩足距離二尺六七寸。成||字形馬步𨀵法。身體極力下蹲。兩足尖向右方。（上手起點右面）同時棍尾。由上方掉囘。鬆出棍頭。擋住下手人之棍尾。下手人之棍尾。自離中門。距上手人之左膝約數寸。上手人之棍尾。斜出右肩上方。右胳膊拳曲。目視下手人之棍尾。其式如第四十四圖。
B, continuing from the previous posture, with your feet staying as they are and in the same position, slightly squat down as your hands quickly withdraw the tail of your staff and again use it to stab toward A’s knee, the position of your hands and the height of your staff still remaining the same as before. Your gaze is toward A’s [right] leg.
　　A, when you see B’s staff coming, your right foot shifts a few inches toward the south, then your left foot takes a step toward the west, your feet about two and two thirds feet apart, making parallel lines in a horse-riding stance, your body strongly squatting down, the toes of both feet pointing toward the north. At the same time, the tail of your staff drops back as the head of your staff shoots out, bracing away the tail of B’s staff off center so that it is a few inches away from your left knee, the tail of your staff now sticking out diagonally above your right shoulder, the arm and fist bending back. Your gaze is toward the tail of B’s staff. See photo 44:

魚躍龍門
[35] FISH LEAPS THE DRAGON GATE

承上式似停未停時。上手人兩足原地。改為前弓後箭步。身體亦擰向下手。左手握棍頭。藏於右腋底下。速用棍尾。由側面直劈下手人之顱頂。左胳膊緊貼胸腹。右胳膊斜向上伸。目視下手人之頭部。同時下手人。右足速向下手起點退一步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。成前弓後箭步。趁上手棍劈來時。棍尾由下方向上高起。自然掛出上手之棍。目視上手人之右手。此式練習時不停。因此處場子緊凑。着法玄妙。特拍此圖。以便容易學習。其式如第四十五圖。
A, continuing from the previous posture, seeming to pause but not pause, your feet stay where they are but switch to a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your body twisting toward B, as your left hand hides the head of your staff under your right armpit and you quickly use the tail of your staff to chop toward B’s headtop, your left arm against your chest and belly, your right arm extended diagonally upward. Your gaze is toward B’s head.
　　B, your right foot quickly retreats a step toward the west, your left knee bending, right leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. While A’s staff chops toward you, the tail of your staff lifts up high from below, naturally hanging aside A’s staff. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand.
　　When practicing, do not pause in this posture. But because the space is crowded and this technique is subtle, this photo has been specially made to make it easier to learn. See photo 45:

–

第五章
(CHAPTER FIVE)

赭龍攻地
[36] RED DRAGON ATTACKS THE GROUND

承上式未停時。下手人兩足不動。將棍尾由上方撤囘。置於右脇。其時已將上手人之棍尾掛出外門。趁勢由下方鬆出棍頭。直向上手人之左膝攉去。同時上手人。見下手棍來。左腿速向下手起點伸直。已閃過下手人之棍頭。趁勢用棍頭之一端。捺住下手人之棍頭。下手人之棍頭。已拄地。上手人之棍頭。亦距地數寸。棍尾伸出右肘右肩上方。右腿極力彎曲。左腿伸直。身體重點。移於右腿。兩足尖向右方。（上手起點右面）成為單邊步。身子微伏。目視下手人左膝。下手人左手。貼近左膝。目視上手人之腿部。其式如第四十六圖。
B, continuing from the previous posture without pausing, your feet staying where they are, withdraw the tail of your staff from above and place it at your right ribs, hanging the tail of A’s staff outward, then shoot out the head of your staff from below and go toward A’s left knee with a shoveling action.
　　A, when you see B’s staff coming, your left leg quickly extends toward the west, dodging the head of B’s staff, as you use the head of your own staff to push down the head of his staff so that it is touching the ground, the head of your staff a few inches away from the ground, the tail of your staff sticking out above your right elbow and shoulder. Your right leg is strongly bending, your left leg straightening, the weight shifting to your right leg, the toes of both feet pointing toward the north, making a single-side stance, your body slightly leaning forward. Your gaze is toward B’s left knee. B, your left hand is close to your left knee, your gaze toward A’s leg. See photo 46:

泰山壓頂
[37] MT. TAI CRUSHES THE HEAD

下手人。右足向上手起點開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直、兩足距離。仍為二尺六七寸。成前弓後箭步。同時左手抽囘棍頭。置於左胯。趁勢用棍尾。由上方直摔上手人之頭部。右胳膊斜伸。如半月形。目視上手人頭部。上手人退囘左足。距右足一尺餘。足踵微提。兩腿彎曲。同時見下手棍尾蓋頂。趁勢兩手舉棍過頂。架住下手之棍。兩手握棍之距離。約三尺。棍尾向上手。棍頭向下手。目視下手人之右手。其式如第四十七圖。
B, your right foot takes a step toward the east, the knee bending, your left leg straightening, your feet again about two and two thirds feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, your left hand withdraws to the head of your staff, which is placed at your left hip, as the tail of your staff is hurled from above toward A’s head, your right arm extending diagonally and bent to make a crescent-moon shape. Your gaze is toward A’s head.
　　A, retreat your left foot to be just over a foot away from your right foot, heel slightly lifted, both legs bending. When you see the tail of B’s staff covering toward your head, your hands raise your staff above your head to prop away B’s staff, your hands about three feet apart. The tail of your staff is pointed toward the east, the head of your staff toward the west, your gaze toward B’s right hand. See photo 47:

雀地圍籠
[38] PUTTING A SPARROW IN A CAGE

上手人。左足向下手邁半步。兩足尖仍向右方。（上手起點右面）成馬步𨀵法。兩腿極力彎曲。同時兩手合扣。將下手人之棍拿下。捺於膝蓋下方。下手人。亦隨退左足。亦成馬步𨀵法。兩足尖與上手人。同向一處。二人兩足距離。各約二尺七八寸。兩棍互相交叉。下手人之棍尾。插於上手人之左足裏端。拄地。右手握棍處。緊貼右膝。棍頭斜出左脇後方。目視上手人之膝蓋。上手人之棍頭。插於下手人右足裏端。亦拄地。左手握棍處。在左膝前。棍尾斜出右肘右腋後方。目視下手人之右手。棍端各貼自己腹部。其式如第四十八圖。
A, your left foot moves a half step toward B, the toes of both feet again pointing toward the north, making a horse-riding stance, your legs strongly bending. At the same time, your hands cover, grabbing B’s staff downward, pushing it below knee level.
　　B, your left foot retreats and you also make a horse-riding stance, the toes of both feet also pointing toward the north.
　　For each of you, your feet are about two and three quarters feet apart. The staffs are crossed.
　　B, the tail of your staff is inserting to touch the ground to the inside of A’s left foot, your right hand holding your staff close to your right knee, the head of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your left ribs. Your gaze is toward A’s knee.
　　A, the tail of your staff is inserting to touch the ground to the inside of B’s right foot, your left hand holding your staff in front of your left knee, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your right elbow and armpit. Your gaze is toward B’s right hand. The body of your staff is close to your belly. See photo 48:

漁翁撒網
[39] OLD FISHERMAN CASTS HIS NET

下手人之棍尾。已被上手人捺住。上下左右。皆無出路。遂將右足向下手起點開一步。兩足尖均向右方。（下手起點之右面）距離約二尺六七寸。成馬步𨀵法。兩腿極力彎曲。身體極力下蹲。兩手持棍。於開右足時。趁勢由下方抽囘。隨着身體橫平轉囘下手起點。速將棍頭掉入右手。左手握中節。再平着掄棍。直向上手人之腰部橫掃。其時棍已圍着週身劃成一匝之平圓圈。右手棍頭。置於右脇。左手向上手斜伸。棍頭棍尾成水平線。目視上手人之腰部。同時上手人。見下手棍橫掃腰部。左足速向上手右角退一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成右前弓左後箭步。趁勢掉棍頭朝下。左手握棍尾朝上。向右腿外方。將下手人之棍推出。下手人之棍尾。已離中門落空。上手人之棍。上下豎直。右手距右膝外方約一尺。目視下手人左手。其式如第四十九圖。
B, once the tail of your staff has been pushed down by A, there is no way for it move up or down, left or right, and so your right foot takes a step toward the west, [your body turning around leftward, and then your left foot steps toward the east,] the toes of both feet pointing toward the north [south], your feet about two and two thirds feet apart, making a horse-riding stance, your legs strongly bending, your body strongly squatting down. As your right foot steps away, your hands withdraw your staff toward the west as your body turns around, then quickly drop the head of your staff into your right hand, your left hand grabbing the middle section of your staff, and swing across, sweeping toward A’s waist, your staff having made a full circle around your body. Your right hand has placed the head of your staff at your right ribs, your left arm extended diagonally toward A, the head and tail of your staff making a horizontal line. Your gaze is toward A’s waist.
　　A, when you see B’s staff sweeping across to your waist, your left foot quickly retreats a step toward the northeast, your right knee bending, your left leg straightening, making a stance of right leg in front as a bow, left leg behind as an arrow. At the same time, drop the head of your staff downward to the outside of your right leg, your left hand bringing the tail of your staff upward, and push B’s staff off center. Your staff is vertical, your right hand about a foot away from your right knee. Your gaze is toward B’s left hand. See photo 49:

再出岐山
[40] DEPARTING AGAIN FROM MT. QI

上手人右足不動。左足微向上手正面遷動數寸。仍為右前弓左後箭步。趁勢將下手棍尾。向外拿下。甩出棍頭、直向下手人頭部摔去。左手握棍尾極端。置左脇。右胳膊如半月形斜伸。下手人見上手人棍來。速退左足。距右足前尺餘。左足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於右腿。趁勢用棍尾。掛出上手人之棍。右手握棍頭。置於右胯後下方。棍端緊貼腹部。棍尾由左肩斜向上方。左胳膊微曲。如半月形。兩棍交叉。目視上手人之棍頭。其式如第五十圖。
A, your right foot stays where it is as your left foot shifts a few inches toward the east, again making a stance of right leg in front as a bow, left leg behind as an arrow, sending the tail of B’s staff outward and downward with a grabbing action, then hurl the head of your staff toward his head, your left hand placing the tail of your staff at your left ribs, your right arm extending diagonally in a crescent-moon shape.
　　B, when you see A’s staff coming, quickly retreat your left foot to be just over a foot in front of your right foot, your left toes touching down, heel lifted, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your right leg. At the same time, use the tail of your staff to hang aside A’s staff, your right hand placing the head of your staff below and behind your right hip, the body of your staff against your belly, the tail of your staff pointing diagonally upward from your left shoulder, your left arm slightly bent to make a crescent-moon shape. The staffs are crossed. Your gaze is toward the head of A’s staff. See photo 50:

平地翻車第一動作
[41.1] THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 1

下手人掛出上手人之棍。左足遂卽落實。右足向上手起點開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。兩足距離二尺七八寸。成前弓後箭步。趁勢甩棍頭。直向上手人之頭部摔去。左手握下節。置於腹部。右手握棍頭。前伸。如半月形。棍尾斜出左胯後方。目視上手人。同時上手人。見下手人棍頭摔來。兩足原地不動。仍為右弓左箭步。再用棍頭向上。擋住下手人之棍頭。上手人之左手。緊靠左胯。棍尾斜出左胯後方。右胳膊前上伸。如半月形。兩棍頭交叉。目視下手人。其式如第五十一圖。
B, after hanging aside A’s staff, your left foot comes down fully and your right foot takes a step toward the east, the knee bending, your left leg straightening, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, hurl the head of your staff toward A’s head, your left hand placing the body of your staff at your belly, your right hand extending forward, the arm in a crescent-moon shape, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your left hip. Your gaze is toward A.
　　A, when you see the head of B’s staff being hurled toward you, your feet stay where they are, still in a stance of right leg a bow, left leg an arrow, as you use the head of your own staff to brace it away, your left hand against your left hip, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your hip, your right arm extending forward and upward in a crescent-moon shape. The heads of the staff are crossed. Your gaze is toward B. See photo 51:

平地翻車第二動作
[41.2] THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 2

下手人。右手用力捺下上手人之棍頭。捺至肩部時。趁勢鬆開左手。右手單握棍頭。用棍尾直向上手人張去。（俗名張棍）左手置於左胯。同時左足不動。右足退近左足。距離尺許。足尖觸地。足踵提起。身體重點。移於左腿。目視上手人。同時上手人。趁下手人張棍打來時。亦趁勢鬆開左手。右手握棍頭。直向下手人頭部摔去。（同下手人之張棍）左手亦置左胯。右胳膊前伸。如半月形。同時亦將右足退近左足。距離尺許。足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於左腿。兩棍交叉。棍尾各距頭部一尺餘。上手人目視下手。其式如第五十二圖。
B, your right hand forcefully pushes down to bring the head of A’s staff to shoulder level, then your left hand lets go so that your right hand alone is holding your staff, and you send the tail of your staff reaching out toward A (commonly called a “reaching staff” gesture), your left hand placed at your left hip. At the same time, your left foot stays where it is and your right foot retreats to be about a foot away from your left foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, the weight shifting onto your left leg. Your gaze is toward A.
　　A, when B uses a reaching-staff action to attack you, also let go with your left hand so that your right hand alone is holding the head of your staff and you hurl [the tail of] your staff toward B’s head (the same way as B’s reaching-staff gesture), your left hand also placed at your left hip, your right arm extending forward in a crescent-moon shape. At the same time, your right foot retreats to be about a foot away from your left foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your left leg. Your gaze is toward B. The staffs are crossed, the tails of the staffs just over a foot away from the other person’s head. See photo 52:

平地翻車定式
[41.3] THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 3

上手人。兩足原地不動。左手亦不動。右手握棍頭。趁勢用棍尾。直刺下手人之右足背。棍頭順右胳膊緊對右腋。右手與右足上下相照。下手人。兩足原地亦不動。左手仍置左胯旁。右手握棍頭。趁勢用棍尾。還刺上手人之右足背。適與上手之棍相觸。各自撑離中門。兩棍十字交叉。互相撑拒。下手人之棍頭。順右胳膊緊對右腋。上手之棍尾拄地。止於下手人右足裏端。下手之棍尾拄地。止於上手人右足裏端。二人互視右手。其式如第五十三圖。
A, with your feet staying where they are and your left hand staying where it is, your right hand holds the head of your staff and sends the tail stabbing downward toward the top of B’s right foot. The head of your staff is pointing toward your right armpit, and your right hand and right foot are vertically aligned with each other.
　　B, with your feet staying where they are and your left hand still placed at your left hip, your right hand holds the head of your staff and sends the tail stabbing toward the top of A’s right foot, the head of your staff pointing toward your right armpit.
　　The staffs should be bracing each other off center, crossed to make an X shape, strongly resisting against each other. A, the tail of your staff is touching the ground, stopping to the inside of B’s right foot. B, the tail of your staff is touching the ground, stopping to the inside of A’s right foot. You are each looking toward your opponent’s right hand. See photo 53:

罡風穿堂第一動作
[42.1] A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 1

上手人將右手之棍。由面前上方。拎至上手起點。左手遂握棍尾之一端。左足原地不動。右足向下手開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。兩足距離二尺七八寸。成右前弓左後箭步。身體傾向下手。右胳膊拳曲。右手與右肩緊靠。棍頭斜出右肩上方。棍尾順左腿斜向下。距左足尺許。棍端貼胸部。扭項回視上手起點。同時下手人。將右手之棍。由面前上方。拎至下手起點。左手趁勢握住棍尾之一端。左足原地不動。右足向上手開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成右前弓左後箭步。身體傾向上手。右胳膊拳曲。右手握棍處。與右肩緊靠。棍頭斜出右肩上方。棍尾順左腿斜向下。距左足尺許。棍端貼胸部。扭項囘視下手起點。二人棍頭已接近一處。其式如第五十四圖。
A, your right hand lifts up your staff in front of you toward the east and your left hand grabs the tail of your staff, your left foot staying where it is, your right foot taking a step toward B, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a stance of right leg in front as a bow, left leg behind as an arrow. Your body is leaning toward B, your right arm and fist bending back, bringing the hand to the shoulder, the head of your staff sticking out above the shoulder, the tail of your staff pointing diagonally downward, parallel with your left leg, about a foot away from your left foot, the body of your staff against your chest, your head turned toward the east.
　　B, your right hand lifts up your staff in front of you toward the west and your left hand grabs the tail of your staff, your left foot staying where it is, your right foot taking a step toward A, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of right leg in front as a bow, left leg behind as an arrow. Your body is leaning toward A, your right arm and fist bending back, bringing the hand to the shoulder, the head of your staff sticking out above the shoulder, the tail of your staff pointing diagonally downward, parallel with your left leg, about a foot away from your left foot, the body of your staff against your chest, your head turned toward the west. The heads of the staffs are near each other. See photo 54:

罡風穿堂第二動作
[42.2] A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 2 [switching places]

上手人。左足先向下手起點開一步。右足由左足後。再向下手起點超過一步。仍如上式。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成為右前弓左後箭步。身體仍向下手傾側。兩手握棍之部位。棍頭棍尾之高矮姿式。與上式完全相同。同時下手人。左足先向上手起點開一步。右足由左足後。再向上手起點超過開一步。仍為右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成為右前弓左後箭步。身體仍向上手起點傾側。兩手握棍之部位方向。棍頭棍尾之高矮姿式。與上式完全相同。二人左足已至一線相並。距離約一尺。二人右足。均已過門。各至上手。下手。兩棍尾十字交叉。互相抵觸。距地約七八寸。上手人。扭項廻視下手人之左手。下手人。扭項廻視上手人之左手。其式如第五十五圖。
A, your left foot first takes a step toward the west, then your right foot steps toward the west from behind your left foot, putting you into the same posture as before, with your right knee again bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of right leg in front a bow, rear leg behind an arrow, your body still turned sideways toward B. The position of your hands on your staff and the heights of the head and tail of your staff are the same as in the previous posture.
　　B, your left foot first takes a step toward the east, then your right foot steps toward the east from behind your left foot, putting you into the same posture as before, with your right knee again bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of right leg in front a bow, rear leg behind an arrow, your body still turned sideways toward A. The position of your hands on your staff and the heights of the head and tail of your staff are the same as in the previous posture.
　　Each of you, your left foot is standing about a foot away from your opponent’s left foot, and your right foot moves as though stepping through a gate, stepping so that you are both positioned with your tails of the staffs crossed, making an X shape, bracing against each other, about three quarters of a foot away from the ground. A, your head is turned to look toward B’s left hand. B, your head is turned to look toward A’s left hand. See photo 55:

罡風穿堂定式
[42.3] A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 3

上手人。左足再向下手開一步。兩足成||斜字形。距一尺五六寸。適至下手起點。兩腿微曲。兩手持棍高舉過頂。右手棍頭。左頭部上方一尺餘。棍尾斜向上手。成斜坡形。左手握棍尾。向上手伸直。上手人。仍由下手起點右面擰身回頭。目視下手人之腰部。趁勢用棍尾刺去。同時下手人。左足向上手起點開一步。兩足成斜||字形。距離一尺五六寸。適至上手起點。兩腿微曲。兩手持棍。高舉過頂。右手棍頭在頭部上方一尺許。棍尾斜向下手。成斜坡形。左手握棍尾。向下手起點伸直。下手人。仍由上手起點右面擰身囘頭。目視上手人之腰部。見上手人之棍刺來。趁勢還刺。已將上手人之棍尾。撥開中門。其式如第五十六圖。
A, your left foot steps out toward the west so that your feet are about a foot and a half apart in a diagonal-parallel stance, placing you in B’s original spot [west], both legs slightly bent, as your hands raise your staff over your head, your right hand holding the head of your staff just over a foot away from your head, your left hand holding the tail of your staff pointed toward the east, the staff making a diagonal slope. Your body is twisted, head turned from the south, your gaze toward B’s waist as you use the tail of your staff to stab toward it.
　　B, your left foot steps out toward the east so that your feet are about a foot and a half apart in a diagonal-parallel stance, placing you in A’s original spot [east], both legs slightly bent, as your hands raise your staff over your head, your right hand holding the head of your staff just over a foot away from your head, your left hand holding the tail of your staff pointed toward the west, the staff making a diagonal slope. Your body is twisted, head turned from the north, your gaze toward A’s waist. When you see A’s staff stabbing toward you, counter with a stab to deflect it off center. See photo 56:

過關列陣
[43] PASSING THROUGH THE GATE IN FORMATION

上手人。至下手起點。由下手起點左方轉身。面向上手起點。右足微橫。足尖向右方。（下手起點右面）左膝蓋抵於右膝彎裏端。兩腿如擰繩然。身體極力下蹲。同時棍由顱頂繞過。鬆開左手。按下。左手旋卽仍握棍尾之一端。右手棍頭。直出右脇右肘後方。棍端貼胸部。棍頭棍尾成水平線。目視下手人。同時下手人。至上手起點。由上手起點轉身。面向下手起點。右足微橫。足尖向右方。（上手起點右面）左膝蓋抵於右膝彎裏端。兩腿如擰繩然。身體極力下蹲。同時棍由顱頂繞過。鬆開左手。右手握棍頭。按至右脇右肘後方。左手旋卽仍握棍尾之一端。棍端貼胸部。棍頭棍尾成水平線。目視上手人。其式如第五十七圖。
A, upon reaching B’s original spot [west], your body turns around [rightward] so that you are facing toward the east, your right foot slightly shifts sideways so the toes are pointing to the right (i.e. toward the south), and your left knee braces against the back of your right knee, your legs like a twisted rope, your body strongly squatting down. At the same time, your staff coils over your head, your left hand letting go, and your right hand pushes down the tail of your staff so that it is sticking out behind your right ribs and right elbow, your left hand promptly grabbing the tail of your staff again, the body of your staff close to your chest, your staff from head to tail making a horizontal line. Your gaze is toward B.
　　B, upon reaching A’s original spot [east], your body turns around [rightward] so that you are facing toward the west, your right foot slightly shifts sideways so the toes are pointing to the right (i.e. toward the north), and your left knee braces against the back of your right knee, your legs like a twisted rope, your body strongly squatting down. At the same time, your staff coils over your head, your left hand letting go, and your right hand pushes down the tail of your staff so that it is sticking out behind your right ribs and right elbow, your left hand promptly grabbing the tail of your staff again, the body of your staff close to your chest, your staff from head to tail making a horizontal line. Your gaze is toward A. See photo 57:

三路進兵第一動作
[44.1] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 1

上手人。右足先向上手起點開一步。左足再向上手起點開一步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。兩足距離二尺六七寸。成前弓後箭步。身體傾向上手。趁勢用棍尾。直刺下手人之膝部。下手人。右足向上手起點退一步。左足提踵。足尖觸地。兩足距離尺餘。身體極力下蹲。重點移於右腿。右手持棍頭。提至右耳部。棍尾斜向下。距地數寸。將上手人之棍尾。向右方（上手右面）撥開中門。上手棍已落空。距地約一尺。距下手人之膝蓋裏端約數寸。上手人右手置腹部。下手人左手斜下伸。成坡形。下手人目視上手人之左手。上手人目視下手人之膝蓋。其式如第五十八圖。
A, your right foot first takes a step toward the east, then your left foot takes a step toward the east, the knee bending, your right leg straightening, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your body leaning toward A, as you use the tail of your staff to stab toward his [right] knee.
　　B, your right foot retreats a step toward the east and your left heel lifts, toes touching down, your feet just over a foot apart, your body strongly squatting down, the weight shifting onto your right leg, as your right hand lifts the head of your staff to ear level, the tail pointing diagonally downward a few inches away from the ground, deflecting the tail of A’s staff off center toward the north. Once the tail of A’s staff has missed, it is about a foot away from the ground and a few inches away from the inside of your knee. A, your right hand is placed at your belly. B, your left hand is extended downward, making a diagonal slope. B, your gaze is toward A’s left hand. A, your gaze is toward B’s knee. See photo 58:

三路進兵第二動作
[44.2] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 2

上手人左足退囘。足尖觸地。足踵提起。距右足一尺五六寸。身體重點。移於右腿。趁勢抽回棍尾。還刺下手人之膝部。下手人左足向右方（上手起點右面）橫開一步。讓過上手人之棍尾。趁勢亦用棍尾。撥出上手人之棍。右手棍頭。仍在頭部上方。左手斜向下伸直。棍尾距地約一尺。棍頭棍尾。上下成斜坡形。左足尖向下手。與右足成錯綜八字步。目視上手人之棍尾。上手人右手握棍頭。仍置胸前。左手斜下伸直。目視下手人之左手。其式如第五十九圖。
A, your left foot withdraws, toes touching down, heel lifted, about a foot and a half away from your right foot, the weight shifting onto your right leg, as you withdraw the tail of your staff and again stab toward B’s knee.
　　B, your left foot takes a sideways step to the right (i.e. toward the north), allowing the tail of A’s staff to pass through, as you use the tail of your own staff to deflect A’s staff away. Your right hand is again holding the head of your staff higher than your head, your left arm extended diagonally downward, the tail of your staff about a foot away from the ground, your staff from head to tail making a diagonal slope. Your left toes are pointing toward B, making a criss-crossed ninety-degree stance with your right foot. Your gaze is toward the tail of A’s staff.
　　A, your right hand has again placed the head of your staff in front of your chest, your left hand extended diagonally downward. Your gaze is toward B’s left hand. See photo 59:

三路進兵第三動作
[44.3] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 3

下手人。旣已撥出上手人之棍。趁勢開右足。向下手起點一步。兩足距離二尺四五寸。兩足尖均向左方。（上手起點左面）成馬步𨀵法。同時兩手持棍。用棍頭直向上手人頭部摔劈。左手握棍尾。緊貼腹部。右手伸向下手起點。如半月形。棍頭斜向上。目視上手人之左手。同時上手人。兩足原地。左足微退。仍為足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩手持棍。用棍尾向上高起。自然掛出上手人之棍頭。左手握棍尾處斜向上伸。右手握棍頭。緊貼右脇。目視下手人之右手。下手人之棍頭。上手人之棍尾。十字交叉。此係過渡法。練習時不停。其式如第六十圖。
B, having deflected A’s staff, your right foot takes a step toward the west, your feet about two and a half feet apart, the toes of both feet pointing to your left (i.e. toward the south), making a horse-riding stance. At the same time, your hands send the head of your staff chopping toward A’s head, your left hand holding the tail of your staff against your belly, your right arm extending toward the west, making a crescent-moon shape, the head of your staff pointing diagonally upward. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand.
　　A, your feet stay where they are, your left foot only slightly retreating, the toes still touching down, heel lifted, as your hands lift the tail of your staff up high, which naturally hangs aside the head of A’s staff, your left hand holding the tail of your staff diagonally upward, your right hand holding the head of your staff against your right ribs. Your gaze is toward B’s right hand.
　　The head of B’s staff and the tail of A’s staff are crossed, making an X shape. This is a transitional movement. When practicing, do not pause in it. See photo 60:

–

第六章
(CHAPTER SIX)

三路進兵第四動作
[44.4] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 4

上手人。承上式已掛出下手人之棍頭。速將棍尾掉囘。置於左脇。同時左足落地。右足速向上手起點開一大步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。兩足距離二尺七八寸。成前弓後箭步。於掉回棍尾時。趁勢由下方。用棍頭直向下手人膝部戳去。棍頭距地六七寸。右手斜下伸直。目視下手人之右手。同時下手人。速退右足。距左足約一尺。足尖觸地。足踵提起。身體重點。移於左腿。同時見上手人棍頭戳來。亦速將棍頭。由上方挪下。擋住上手人之棍頭。上手人之棍頭。自離中門落空。下手人棍端貼腹部。棍尾斜出右肘右腋後方。兩棍頭十字交叉。其式如第六十一圖。
A, continuing from the previous posture, after hanging aside the head of B’s staff, quickly drop the tail of your staff and withdraw it to be placed at your left ribs. At the same time, your left foot comes down and your right foot quickly takes a large step toward the east, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. As you drop and withdraw the tail of your staff, the head of your staff comes up from below and you use it to poke toward B’s [left] leg, the head of your staff about two thirds of a foot away from the ground, your right hand extended diagonally downward. Your gaze is toward B’s right hand.
　　B, quickly retreat your right foot to be about a foot away from your left foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, the weight shifting onto your left leg. At the same time, when you see the head of A’s staff poking toward you, quickly shift the head of your staff downward from above to brace his away until it is off center, the body of your staff against your belly, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally behind your right elbow and right ribs. The heads of the staffs are crossed, making an X shape. See photo 61:

三路進兵第五動作
[44.5] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 5

上手人。右足退回。距左足尺餘。足踵提起。足尖觸地。身體重點。移於左腿。趁勢抽回棍頭。仍用棍頭。重向下手人之腿部戳來。兩手及棍尾之部位姿式。與上式一般無二。目視下手人之腿部。同時下手人。右足向左方（上手起點之左面）橫邁一步。兩足距離一尺五六寸。右足尖向下手起點。兩足成錯綜八字步。同時兩手持棍。仍用棍頭。向右方（上手起點之右面）撥開上手人之棍頭。上手人之棍頭。自然離開中門落空。左手棍尾。斜出左肩上方。目視上手人之右手。兩棍頭十字交叉。其式如第六十二圖。
A, your right foot withdraws to be just over a foot away from your left foot, heel lifted, toes touching down, the weight shifting onto your left leg. At the same time, withdraw the head of your staff and then use it again to poke toward B’s leg, the position of your hands and the tail of your staff exactly the same as in the previous posture. Your gaze is toward B’s leg.
　　B, your right foot takes a sideways step to the left (i.e. toward the south), your feet about a foot and a half apart, your right toes pointing toward the west, your feet making a criss-crossed ninety-degree stance. At the same time, your hands again use the head of your staff to deflect the head of A’s staff off center, now toward the right, the tail of your staff sticking out diagonally above your left shoulder. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand. The heads of the staffs are crossed, making an X shape. See photo 62:

三路進兵第六動作
[44.6] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 6

下手人右足不動。左足向下手起點開一步。兩足尖均向右方。（上手起點之右面）兩足距離二尺五六寸。成馬步𨀵法。身體極力下蹲。趁勢掉回棍頭。置於右胯裏端。再用棍尾。直向上手人頭部摔去。左手及棍尾。均斜向上伸。棍端緊貼腹部。目視上手人之顱頂。同時上手人。見下手人棍尾摔來。橫退右足。停於左足前。左足踵提起。兩足距離一尺餘。左膝蓋抵於右膝彎裏端。成丁字拗步。身體下蹲。趁勢使棍頭。高起。直豎於顱頂上方。右手距頭部約一尺。左手握棍尾。曲貼腹部。其時已掛出下手人之棍尾。自離中門偏左。此係過渡法。練習時不停。其式如第六十三圖。
B, with your right foot staying where it is, your left foot steps out toward the west, the toes of both feet pointing toward the north, your feet about two and a half feet apart, making a horse-riding stance, your body strongly squatting down. At the same time, pull back the head of your staff, placing it to the inside of your right hip, and send the tail of your staff hurling toward A’s head. Your left arm and the tail of your staff are both making an upward diagonal slope, the tail section against your belly. Your gaze is toward A’s headtop.
　　A, when you see the tail of B’s staff hurling toward you, retreat your right foot in front of your left foot, your right foot turned sideways, your left heel lifted, your feet just over a foot apart, your left knee braced against the back of your right knee, making a T-shaped twisted stance, your body strongly squatting down. At the same time, send the head of your staff up high so that it is vertical, higher than your headtop, your right hand about a foot away from your head, your left hand holding the tail of your staff close to your belly, thereby hanging aside the tail of B’s staff, causing it to go off center, veering away to his left [i.e. to your right].
　　This is a transitional movement. When practicing, do not pause in it. See photo 63:

三路進兵第七動作
[44.7] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 7

上手人。承上式掛出下手人之棍尾。速將左足。向上手起點開一步。左腿曲膝。右腿登直。兩足距離二尺七八寸。成前弓後箭步。身體傾向上手起點。同時棍頭。由上方掉回。趁勢用棍尾。直向下手人腿部戳去。棍尾距地約一尺。棍頭右手置於腹部。左手斜下伸。目視下手人之腿部。同時下手人。見上手人之棍尾戳來。趁勢退回左足。距離右足尺許。足尖觸地。足踵提起。身體重點。移於右腿。再將棍尾。由上移下。向右方（上手起點右面）撥出上手人棍尾。上手人之棍。自離中門落空。下手人右手棍頭。斜出右耳頭部上方。棍尾距地約一尺。左手斜下伸。目視上手人之左手。兩棍十字交叉。其式如第六十四圖。
A, continuing from the previous posture of hanging aside the tail of B’s staff, your left foot takes a step toward the east, your left knee bending, right leg straightening, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your body leaning toward the east. At the same time, drop back the head of your staff and send the tail poking toward B’s [right] leg, the tail of your staff about a foot away from the ground, your right hand placing the head of your staff at your belly, your left arm extending diagonally downward. Your gaze is toward B’s leg.
　　B, when you see the tail of A’s staff poking toward you, withdraw your left foot to be about a foot away from your right foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, the weight shifting onto your right leg. At the same time, shift the tail of your staff downward from above and to the right (i.e. toward the north), deflecting the tail of A’s staff off center. Your right hand is holding the head of your staff so that it is sticking out diagonally above your right ear, and the tail of your staff is about a foot away from the ground, your left arm extending diagonally downward. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand. The staffs are crossed, making an X shape. See photo 64:

三路進兵第八動作
[44.8] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 8

上手人。左足退回。足尖觸地。足踵提起。距右足一尺五六寸。身體重點。移於右腿。趁勢抽回棍尾。還刺下手人之膝部。下手人左足向右方（上手起點右面）橫開一步。讓過上手人之棍尾。趁勢用棍撥出上手人之棍。右手棍頭。仍在頭部上方。左手斜向下伸直。棍尾距地約一尺。棍頭棍尾。上下成斜坡形。左足尖向下手。與右足成錯綜八字步。目視上手人之棍尾。上手人右手握棍頭。仍置胸前。左手斜下伸直。目視上手人之左手。其式如第六十五圖。
A, your left foot withdraws, toes touching down, heel lifted, about a foot and a half away from your right foot, the weight shifting onto your right leg, as you withdraw the tail of your staff and again stab toward B’s knee.
　　B, your left foot takes a sideways step to the right (i.e. toward the north), allowing the tail of A’s staff to pass through, as you use [the tail of] your own staff to deflect A’s staff away. Your right hand is again holding the head of your staff higher than your head, your left arm extended diagonally downward, the tail of your staff about a foot away from the ground, your staff from head to tail making a diagonal slope. Your left toes are pointing toward B, making a criss-crossed ninety-degree stance with your right foot. Your gaze is toward the tail of A’s staff.
　　A, your right hand has again placed the head of your staff in front of your chest, your left hand extended diagonally downward. Your gaze is toward A’s [B’s] left hand. See photo 65:

三路進兵定式
[44.9] MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 9

下手人。旣已撥出上手人之棍。趁勢開右足。向下手起點一步。兩足距離二尺四五寸。兩足尖均向左方。（上手起點左面）成馬步𨀵法。同時兩手持棍。甩棍頭直向上手人頭部摔劈。左手握棍尾。緊貼腹部。右手伸向下手起點。如半月形。棍頭斜向上。目視上手人之左手。同時上手人。兩足原地。左足微退。仍為足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩手持棍。使棍尾向上高起。自然掛出上手人之棍頭。左手握棍尾處。斜向上伸。右手握棍頭。緊貼右脇。目視下手之右手。下手人之棍頭。上手人之棍尾。十字交叉。此係過渡法。練習時不停。其式如第六十六圖。
B, having deflected A’s staff, your right foot takes a step toward the west, your feet about two and a half feet apart, the toes of both feet pointing to your left (i.e. toward the south), making a horse-riding stance. At the same time, your hands send the head of your staff chopping toward A’s head, your left hand holding the tail of your staff against your belly, your right arm extending toward the west, making a crescent-moon shape, the head of your staff pointing diagonally upward. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand.
　　A, your feet stay where they are, your left foot only slightly retreating, the toes still touching down, heel lifted, as your hands lift the tail of your staff up high, which naturally hangs aside the head of A’s staff, your left hand holding the tail of your staff diagonally upward, your right hand holding the head of your staff against your right ribs. Your gaze is toward B’s right hand.
　　The head of B’s staff and the tail of A’s staff are crossed, making an X shape. This is a transitional movement. When practicing, do not pause in it. See photo 66:

二將退敵第一動作
[45.1] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 1

承上式。下手人退右足。距左足一尺餘。右足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於左腿。同時兩手將棍抽回。趁勢用棍頭。向上手人之膝部戳去。棍頭距地尺許。左手棍尾。緊貼腹部。右手前下伸。成斜坡形。目視上手人之膝部。上手人。左足退向下手起點一步。右足遂卽提踵。足尖觸地。距左足尺餘。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於左腿。趁勢用棍尾。向左擋住下手人之棍頭。下手人之棍頭。自離中門落空。上手人左手握棍尾。斜出左肩上方。棍端貼胸部。棍頭距地數寸。右手握棍處。距右膝蓋約一尺。目視下手人之右手。其式如第六十七圖。
B, continuing from the previous posture, your right foot retreats to be just over a foot away from your left foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your left leg. At the same time, your hands pull back your staff, then send the head of your staff jabbing toward A’s knee area, the head finishing about a foot away from the ground, your left hand holding the tail of your staff against your belly, and your right arm extended forward and downward, making a diagonal slant. Your gaze is toward A’s knee.
　　A, your left foot retreats toward the west, your right foot following with its heel lifted, toes touching down, to be just over a foot away from your left foot, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your left leg. At the same time, send the tail [head] of your staff to the left to block the head of B’s staff, sending it off center. Your left hand is gripping the tail of your staff, which is sticking out diagonally above your left shoulder, the body of your staff close to your chest, the head of your staff a few inches away from the ground, your right hand gripping it about a foot away from your [right] knee. Your gaze is toward B’s right hand. See photo 67:

二將退敵第二動作
[45.2] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 2

下手人兩足原地不動。兩手抽回棍頭。仍用棍頭直戳上手人之膝部。棍頭距地尺餘。左手握棍尾之一端。緊貼腹部。右手仍向下斜伸。成坡形。目視上手人之右手。同時上手人。右足向左方（下手起點左面）橫開一步。足尖向上手起點。兩足距離一尺餘。成錯綜八字步。趁勢仍用棍頭。向右方（下手起點右面）撥開下手人之棍頭。下手人之棍頭。自離中門落空。左手握棍尾。距顱頂尺餘。右手斜坡伸直。擰身向下手起點左面。目視下手人之右手。兩棍頭十字交叉。其式如第六十八圖。
B, with your feet not leaving their location, your hands withdraw the head of your staff and again send it jabbing toward A’s knee. The head of your staff is just over a foot away from the ground, your left hand is holding the tail of your staff close to your belly, and your right arm is extended downward, making a diagonal slope. Your gaze is toward A’s right hand.
　　A, your right foot takes a sideways step to your left (i.e. toward the north), toes pointing toward the east, your feet just over a foot apart, making a criss-crossed ninety-degree stance. At the same time, use the head of your staff to deflect the head of B’s staff, making it go off center to your right (i.e. toward the south), your left hand holding the tail of your staff just over a foot away from your headtop, your right arm extending to make a diagonal slope, your body twisting toward the north. Your gaze is toward B’s right hand. The heads of the staffs are crossed, making an X shape. See photo 68:

二將退敵第三動作
[45.3] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 3

上手人。左足由右足後。超過。向上手起點開一步。兩足尖向右。（下手起點右面）兩足距離二尺七八寸。成馬步𨀵法。兩腿彎曲。身體下蹲。趁勢掉回棍頭。再用棍尾。直向下手人頭部摔去。右手棍頭。緊貼胸部。右胳膊抱肋。左胳膊極力彎曲。左手與左肩平。距右手一尺餘。棍尾斜直向上。下手人兩足承上式不動。兩手持棍。使棍頭高起。掛出上手人之棍尾。上手人之棍尾。自離中門落空。下手人左手握棍尾。緊貼左胯。棍端緊貼腹部。棍頭由右腋斜向下伸。右胳膊彎曲。如半月形。目視上手人之左手。上手人目視下手人之右手。棍頭棍尾十字交叉。此亦過渡法。練習時。此處不停。其式如第六十九圖。
A, your left foot steps around from behind your right foot toward the east, the toes of both feet pointing to your right (i.e. toward the south), your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a horse-riding stance, both legs bending, your body squatting down. At the same time, drop the head of your staff and hurl the tail toward B’s head, your right hand holding the head close to your chest, the arm wrapping to your ribs, your left arm bending with strength, the hand at shoulder level, just over a foot away from your right hand, the tail of your staff pointing diagonally upward.
　　B, with your feet staying where they are, your hands lift the head of your staff high to hang aside the tail of A’s staff, sending it off center, your left hand holding the tail of your staff against your left hip, the body of your staff against your belly, the head of your staff pointing diagonally downward [upward] from your right armpit, the arm bent to make a crescent-moon shape. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand.
　　A, your gaze is toward B’s right hand. The head of one staff and the tail of the other are crossed, making an X shape. This is a transitional posture. When practicing, do not pause in it. See photo 69:

二將退敵第四動作
[45.4] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 4

下手人承上式不停。右足向上手起點倒退一步。左足提踵。足尖觸地。兩足距離一尺餘。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於右腿。趁勢掉回棍頭。由下手用棍尾。直戳上手人腿部。棍尾距地尺餘。右手握棍頭。緊貼右脇。左手前下伸。目視上手人之膝蓋。上手人右足不動。左足退近右足。距離一尺餘。左足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於右腿。同時兩手持棍。趁勢由上挪下。仍用棍尾。向右（下手右面）撥開下手人之棍尾。下手人之棍尾。自離中門落空。上手人之右手棍頭。斜出右肩上方。右胳膊拳曲於右肩。左手握棍尾處。距左膝尺許。棍尾距地數寸。目視下手人之手左。其式如第七十圖。
B, continuing from the previous posture without pausing, your right foot retreats a step toward the east and your left heel lifts, toes touching down, your feet just over a foot apart, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your right leg. At the same time, drop and pull back the head of your staff, and use the tail of your staff to jab toward A’s [left] leg, the tail finishing just over a foot away from the ground, your right hand holding the head of your staff close to your right ribs, your left arm extended forward and downward. Your gaze is toward A’s knee.
　　A, with your right foot staying where it is, your left foot retreats to be just over a foot away from your right foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your right leg. At the same time, your hands shift downward from above and you again use the tail of your staff to deflect the tail of B’s staff, sending it off center to your right (i.e. toward the south), the head of your staff sticking out above your right shoulder, your right forearm and fist bending back to your right shoulder, your left hand holding the tail of your staff about a foot away from your left knee and a few inches away from the ground. Your gaze is toward B’s left hand. See photo 70:

二將退敵第五動作
[45.5] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 5

承上式。下手人兩足原地不動。兩手將棍抽回。仍用棍尾。重向上手人腿部戳來。一切姿式部位。與上式完全相同。上手人速將左足向右方（下手起點右面）橫開一步。閃過下手人之棍。足尖向上手起點。兩足距離一尺餘。成錯綜八字步。兩腿極力彎曲。趁勢用棍尾。向左（下手左面）撥開下手人之棍尾。下手人之棍尾。巳偏左落空。上手人右手握棍頭。高舉過頂。距頭部尺許。棍尾斜向下垂。左胳膊伸出微坡。目視下手人之左手。下手人。目視上手人之左手。其式如第七十一圖。
B, continuing from the previous posture, with your feet not leaving their location, your hands withdraw the tail of your staff and again send it jabbing toward A’s leg. Your posture and position are entirely the same as in the previous posture.
　　A, your left foot quickly takes a sideways step to your right (i.e. toward the south), dodging away from B’s staff, the toes pointing toward the east, your feet just over a foot apart, making a criss-crossed ninety-degree stance, your legs strongly bending. At the same time, use the tail of your staff to deflect the tail of B’s staff, making it go off center to your left (i.e. toward the north), your right hand raising the head of your staff to be about a foot away from your head, the tail of your staff hanging diagonally downward, your left arm reaching out to make a slight slope. Your gaze is toward B’s left hand.
　　B, your gaze is toward A’s left hand. See photo 71:

二將退敵定式
[45.6] TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 6

上手人。右足由左足後超過。向上手起點開一步。兩足距離二尺七八寸。兩足尖均向左方。（下手起點左面）成馬步𨀵法。兩腿極力彎曲。趁勢掉回棍尾。甩棍頭由上直摔下手人之顱頂。左手握棍尾。緊貼左脇。右胳膊弓曲。右手握棍處。與右肩平。目視下手人之左手。同時下手人。兩足原地不動。仍如上式。兩手持棍。見上手人棍頭打來。趁勢向上高起。棍尾自然掛出上手人之棍頭。上手人之棍頭。已離中門偏左。距下手人之顱頂。約一尺餘。下手人之棍尾。直斜向上。左手握棍處。高於左肩。左胳膊如半月形。右手握棍頭。緊貼右胯。目視上手人。棍頭之一端。其式如第七十二圖。
A, your right foot steps around from behind your left foot toward the east, the toes of both feet pointing to your left (i.e. toward the north), your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, making a horse-riding stance, both legs strongly bending. At the same time, drop the tail of your staff and hurl the head toward B’s headtop, your left hand holding the tail close to your left ribs, your right arm bent, the hand at shoulder level. Your gaze is toward A’s left hand.
　　B, with your feet staying where they were in the previous posture, you notice the head of A’s staff coming in to strike, and so your hands lift the tail of your staff high to easily hang aside the head of A’s staff, sending it off center to your left to be over a foot away from your headtop. The tail of your staff is pointing diagonally upward, your left hand higher than your left shoulder, the arm bent to make a crescent-moon shape, your right hand holding the head of your staff against your right hip. Your gaze is toward the head of A’s staff. See photo 72:

青龍回首第一動作
[46.1] BLUE DRAGON TURNS ITS HEAD – Part 1 [switching places]

下手人。左足先向下手起點開半步。右足再向下手起點開一大步。兩足距離二尺七八寸。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成斜||字。前弓後箭步。同時棍尾。拎向右足上方。右手握棍頭。拳曲於右肩。棍端斜貼胸部。左手握棍。順左腿伸直。同時上手人。左足先挪半步。右足再向上手起點開一步。右腿曲膝。左腿登直。成前弓後箭步。距離二尺七八寸。同時左手拎棍尾。順貼左腿上方。右手握棍頭。拳曲於右肩。棍端斜貼胸部。左胳膊順左腿伸直。其時兩棍尾。已自然抵觸。二人互相掃腿。互相擋住。兩棍十字交叉。棍尾距地七八寸。二人左足並排。距尺許。上手人身體傾向上手起點。下手人身體傾向下手起點。二人回首互視。其式如第七十三圖。
B, your left foot first takes a half step toward the west, then your right foot takes a large step toward the west, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, your feet making diagonal parallel lines in a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow. At the same time, the tail of your staff is carried above your right [left] foot, your right hand holding the head of your staff with the fist bending back at your right shoulder, the body of your staff diagonal close to your chest, your left hand holding your staff parallel with your straightened left leg.
　　A, your left foot first shifts a half step, then your right foot takes a step toward the east, your right knee bending, left leg straightening, making a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, your feet about two and three quarters feet apart. At the same time, your left hand carries the tail of your staff parallel over your left leg, your right hand holding the head of your staff with the fist bending back at your right shoulder, the body of your staff diagonal close to your chest, your left arm parallel with your straightened left leg.
　　The tails of the staffs are naturally bracing against each other, clashing as you both try to sweep each other’s [left] leg. The staffs are crossed, making an X shape, the tails of the staffs about three quarters of a foot away from the ground. There is about a foot’s distance between your left foot and his. A, your body is leaning toward the east. B, your body is leaning toward the west. You are both looking toward each other. See photo 73:

青龍回首定式
[46.2] BLUE DRAGON TURNS ITS HEAD – Part 2

上手人。左足向上手起點開一步。兩足距離一尺七八寸。成斜||字步。同時右手高舉棍頭過頂。距頭部尺餘。左手握棍尾之一端。向下手起點平伸。趁勢用棍尾。斜刺下手人之腰部。棍由顱頂向下。成大斜坡形。擰身由右方（上手右面）回頭。目視下手人之腰部。同時下手人。左足向下手起點開一步。兩足距離一尺七八寸。成斜||字步。同時右手高舉棍頭過頂。距頭部尺餘。左手握棍尾之一端。向上手起點平伸。趁勢用棍尾。斜刺上手人之腰部。棍由顱頂向下。成大斜坡形。擰身由右方（下手右面）回頭。目視上手人之腰部。其時二人之棍。均已落空。兩棍尾十字交叉。互相挑拒。其式如第七十四圖。
A, your left foot takes a step toward the east, your feet about a foot and three quarters apart, making a diagonal-parallel stance. At the same time, your right hand raises the head of your staff over your headtop, to be just over a foot away from your head, your left hand pointing the tail of your staff toward the west, the arm level, then seize the opportunity by using the tail of your staff to stab toward B’s waist. Your staff is making a large diagonal slope downward from your headtop, your body twisted from the north, your head turned, your gaze toward B’s waist.
　　B, your left foot takes a step toward the west, your feet about a foot and three quarters apart, making a diagonal-parallel stance. At the same time, your right hand raises the head of your staff over your headtop, to be just over a foot away from your head, your left hand pointing the tail of your staff toward the east, the arm level, then seize the opportunity by using the tail of your staff to stab toward A’s waist. Your staff is making a large diagonal slope downward from your headtop, your body twisted from the south, your head turned, your gaze toward A’s waist.
　　In this moment, the staffs disconnect, then the tails of the staffs cross, making an X shape, carrying each other. See photo 74:

防守中原
[47] GUARDING THE CENTRAL PLAINS

上手人由左方（上手左面）轉身回頭。面向下手起點。同時右足原地微動。橫足向右。（上手右面）左足再向下手起點開一步。距右足一尺五六寸。足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於右腿。同時左手鬆開棍之尾端。棍由左方（上手左面）過頂。右手握棍頭。置於右胯。左手遂卽重握棍之下節。左胳膊彎曲。左手與肩平。目視下手人。同時下手人。由左方（下手左面）轉身回頭。面向上手起點。同時右足原地微動。橫足向右。（下手右面）左足再向上手起點開一步。距右足一尺五六寸。足尖觸地。足踵提起。兩腿彎曲。身體重點。移於右腿。同時左手鬆開棍尾之一端。棍由左方（下手左面）過頂。右手握棍頭。置於右胯。左手遂卽重握棍之下節。左胳膊彎曲。目視上手人。兩棍斜向上方。收式。其式如第七十五圖。
A, turn around [rightward] from the south to be facing toward the west, your right foot staying where it is and slightly shifting across toward the north, your left foot then stepping out toward the west to be about a foot and a half away from your right foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your right leg. At the same time, your left hand lets go of the tail of your staff as the staff passes over your head from the south, and then as your right hand places the head of your staff at your right hip, your left hand again grabs the forward section of the staff, the arm bent, the hand at shoulder level. Your gaze is toward B.
　　B, turn around [rightward] from the north to be facing toward the east, your right foot staying where it is and slightly shifting across toward the south, your left foot then stepping out toward the east to be about a foot and a half away from your right foot, toes touching down, heel lifted, both legs bending, the weight shifting onto your right leg. At the same time, your left hand lets go of the tail of your staff as the staff passes over your head from the north, and then as your right hand places the head of your staff at your right hip, your left hand again grabs the forward section of the staff, the arm bent, [the hand at shoulder level]. Your gaze is toward A.
　　Both staffs are pointing diagonally upward. This is the closing posture. See photo 75:

–

[Chapters 7–10: STAFF VERSUS SPEAR]

–

第十一章　少林棍分疏
CHAPTER ELEVEN: OUTLINE OF THE SHAOLIN STAFF SET

一　開門見山。
Photo 1: OPEN THE GATE AND SEE THE MOUNTAINS
係棍法開門式。
This is the beginning posture for the staff set.

二　二士爭功。
Photo 2: TWO GENTLEMEN VIE FOR SUCCESS
互相對刺足背。亦曰點法。
You both stab to the top of each other’s foot. This is a jabbing action.

三　猴王出洞。
Photo 3: MONKEY KING LEAVES THE CAVE
過渡法𢷬。字訣。
This transitional movement is a pounding action.

四　懷中抱月。
Photo 4: EMBRACE THE MOON
過渡法。預備張。棍式。
This is a transitional movement, a preparation for reaching out with the staff.

五　拗步埋伏。
Photo 5: AMBUSH IN A TWISTED STANCE
回頭轉身對峙式。
Turn to confront each other.

六　雙旗交輝。第一動作。
Photo 6: TWIN BANNERS CROSS IN GLORY – Part 1
互相對刺足背。亦曰點法。
You both stab to the top of each other’s foot. This is a jabbing action.

七　雙旗交輝。定式。
Photo 7: TWIN BANNERS CROSS IN GLORY – Part 2
甩棍對擊法。此訣曰砸。
This is a technique of swinging your staff to strike the opponent, an action of smashing.

八　野戰八方。
Photo 8: BATTLE IN ALL DIRECTIONS
走偏門過渡法。
This action of walking off to the side is a transitional movement.

九　背棒獻掌。
Photo 9: CARRYING THE CUDGEL ON YOUR BACK, SHOW YOUR PALM
承上式第二過渡法。
Continuing from the previous posture, this is a second transitional movement.

十　金龍出水。第一動作。
Photo 10: GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER – Part 1
待敵埋伏式。
This is a posture of waiting in ambush for the opponent.

十一　金龍出水。定式。
Photo 11: GOLDEN DRAGON LEAVES THE WATER – Part 2
預備攉棒式。
This is a preparation for the following shoveling action.

十二　海底撈月。
Photo 12: TRYING TO SCOOP THE MOON’S REFLECTION FROM THE WATER – Part 1
此為攉棒法。含有挑字義。
This is a shoveling technique, containing a quality of carrying.

十三　海底撈月。變動式。
Photo 13: TRYING TO SCOOP THE MOON’S REFLECTION FROM THE WATER – Part 2
係預備式。
This is a preparation posture.

十四　一枝雙花。
Photo 14: ONE BRANCH WITH TWO FLOWERS
此為對棒式。係斜砍。法提踵子午步。
This posture of opposing staffs has to do with slashing diagonally, and is performed in a heel-lifted sundial stance.

十五　回馬投石。
Photo 15: TURN THE HORSE TO THROW A STONE
此亦過渡法。中含戳字訣。
This is a transitional posture, but contains within it the poking technique.

十六　顚倒陰陽。第一動作。
Photo 16: REVERSING PASSIVE & ACTIVE – Part 1
上下手均為棍尾向上橫掃法。
Each of you, send the tail of your staff sweeping across toward the opponent’s upper body.

十七　顚倒陰陽。定式。
Photo 17: REVERSING PASSIVE & ACTIVE – Part 2
係下部橫掃法。
This is a technique of sweeping across to the opponent’s lower body.

十八　披身貫頂。
Photo 18: DRAPING THE BODY ALL THE WAY TO THE HEADTOP
順式掃腿法。
This is a means of continuing from sweeping to the leg.

十九　擎天捧月。
Photo 19: HOLD UP THE SKY TO CARRY THE MOON
轉身高棚。式預備張棍法。
Turn around and prop up high, in preparation for reaching out with your staff.

二十　漁翁撑篙。
Photo 20: OLD FISHERMAN PUSHES OFF WITH THE PUNTING POLE
對刺足。背法。
Each of you, stab to the top of your opponent’s foot.

二十一　二龍吐鬚。
Photo 21: TWIN DRAGONS SPIT OUT THEIR BEARDS
此為前弓後箭步。對棒斜砍法。
This posture is in a stance of front leg a bow, rear leg an arrow, and involves slashing diagonally to your opponent’s staff.

二十二　觔斗倒翻。
Photo 22: ROLLING THE STAFFS OVER
此式下手人張棍摔砸法。上手人用橫掃。
B, use a smashing action. A, use a sweeping action.

二十三　神棒趕山。
Photo 23: MAGIC CUDGELS SEARCH THE HILLS
下手人趁勢由上手人棍之下端用橫掃。上手人掉棍頭用擋法。
B, take advantage of the opportunity by sweeping underneath A’s staff. A, drop the head of your staff to brace it away.

二十四　槍棒交鋒。
Photo 24: SPEAR & CUDGEL CLASHING
此式上手人用棍頭。下手人用棍尾。互相斜砍頭部。
In this posture, you are both slashing diagonally toward each other’s head, A using the head of your staff, B using the tail of your staff.

二十五　流星趕月。
Photo 25: METEOR CHASES THE MOON – Part 1
上手人張棍尾摔砸。下手人用棍頭橫掃。
A, hurl out the tail of your staff. B, use the head of your staff to sweep across.

二十六　流星趕月。變動式。
Photo 26: METEOR CHASES THE MOON – Part 2
上手人用棍尾橫掃下手之腰脅。下手人用擋法。
A, use the head of your staff to sweep across toward B’s waist. B, brace it away.

二十七　乞丐奔門。
Photo 27: BEGGAR FLEES THROUGH THE GATE
過渡法埋伏式。
This is a transitional posture, a preparation for ambushing.

二十八　當頭棒喝。第一動作。
Photo 28: REBUKE HIM WITH A SUDDEN CUDGELING TO THE HEAD – Part 1
二人均用棍尾。斜砍頭部。
Each of you, use the tail of your staff to slash diagonally toward your opponent’s head.

二十九　當頭棒喝。定式。
Photo 29: REBUKE HIM WITH A SUDDEN CUDGELING TO THE HEAD – Part 2
下手人張棍頭摔砸。上手人用棍尾攔住。
B, hurl out the head of your staff to smash toward A. A, use the tail of your staff to block it.

三十　金槍刺脇。
Photo 30: GOLDEN SPEAR STABS TO THE RIBS
上手人用穿刺法。下手人用撥字訣。
A, use a stabbing technique. B, use deflecting.

三十一　連環蓋頂。
Photo 31: CONTINUE INTO COVERING HIS HEAD
下手人用蓋字訣。砸上手人之頭部。上手人用棚法。架住。
B, use a covering technique to smash toward A’s head. A, prop up to brace it away.

三十二　雙龍奪珠。
Photo 32: TWIN DRAGONS WRESTLING FOR A PEARL
上手人用拏字訣。扣住下手人之棍。
A, use a grabbing action to cover B’s staff downward.

三十三　橫掃千軍。
Photo 33: SWEEPING ASIDE A THOUSAND SOLDIERS
下手人抽棍轉身。橫掃上手人之腰部。上手人用竪字訣。推出下手人之棍。
B, withdraw your staff, turning around, and sweep across toward A’s waist. A, with your staff vertical, push his staff away.

三十四　鼎足分爭。第一動作。
Photo 34: THE FEET OF THE CAULDRON VIE FOR BALANCE – Part 1
上手人用直劈法。直劈下手人之顱頂。下手人用棚法。架住。
A, chop toward B’s headtop. B, prop up, bracing away.

三十五　鼎足分爭。定式。
Photo 35: THE FEET OF THE CAULDRON VIE FOR BALANCE – Part 2
上手人用𢷬字訣。掉頭𢷬下手人之膝蓋。下手人開步閃過。用棍蓋下。
A, drop the head of your staff and pound toward B’s knee, performing a shoveling action.
B, step out to dodge while using your staff to cover downward.

三十六　金剛伏虎。
Photo 36: ARHAT TAMES THE TIGER
上手人。挑起下手人之棍。趁勢用拏扣法。
A, carry B’s staff, then use a grabbing & covering technique.

三十七　架海金樑。
Photo 37: GOLDEN BRIDGE HOLDS BACK THE SEA
下手人挑起上手人之棍。上手人掉把。用棍尾直劈。下手人顱頂。下手人用棚法。架住。
B, carry A’s staff upward. A, disengage, then use the tail of your staff to chop toward B’s headtop. B, prop up, bracing away.

三十八　靈貓捕鼠。
Photo 38: QUICK CAT CATCHES THE MOUSE – Part 1
下手人用拏字訣。扣住上手人之棍尾。
B, use a grabbing action to cover the tail of A’s staff.

三十九　靈貓捕鼠。變動式。
Photo 39: QUICK CAT CATCHES THE MOUSE – Part 2
下手人用直劈。上手人用掛。
B, use a chopping action. A, use a hanging action.

四十　抽樑換柱。
Photo 40: PULLING OUT A ROOF BEAM TO REPLACE A PILLAR
上手人掉棍頭。直𢷬。下手人之腿部。下手人用棍尾撥開。
A, drop the head of your staff, pounding toward B’s leg. B, use the tail of your staff to deflect it away.

四十一　猛虎翻身。
Photo 41: FIERCE TIGER TURNS AROUND
上手人掉棍尾。直戳下。手人之左脅。下手人擰身絞撥退走。
A, lower the tail of your staff and poke toward B’s left ribs. B, twist your body and do a coiling deflection as you retreat.

四十二　回身埋伏。第一動作。
Photo 42: TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 1
下手人用棍尾刺膝。上手人撥開。
B, use the tail of your staff to stab toward A’s knee. A, deflect it aside [to the right].

四十三　回身埋伏。第二動作。
Photo 43: TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 2
下手人再用棍尾刺膝。上手人再向左撥開。
B, again use the tail of your staff to stab toward A’s knee. A, again deflect it aside, this time to the left.

四十四　回身埋伏。定式。
Photo 44: TURN AND AMBUSH – Part 3
下手人再用棍尾刺膝。上手人進步用棍頭擋住。
B, use the tail of your staff to stab toward A’s knee. A, advance while using the head of your staff to brace it away.

四十五　魚躍龍門。
Photo 45: FISH LEAPS THE DRAGON GATE
上手人用腋棍。直砍下手人頭部。下手人用棍尾外掛。
A, use the tail of your staff to slash toward A’s head. B, use the tail of your staff to hang it outward.

四十六　赭龍攻地。
Photo 46: RED DRAGON ATTACKS THE GROUND
下手人掉頭戳腿。上手人開步蓋住。
B, drop the head of your staff and poke toward A’s leg. A, step out and cover it.

四十七　泰山壓頂。
Photo 47: MT. TAI CRUSHES THE HEAD
下手人用棍尾壓頂直劈。上手人高棚架住。
B, use the tail of your staff to press down toward A’s head with a chop. A, prop up high to brace it away.

四十八　雀地圍籠。
Photo 48: PUTTING A SPARROW IN A CAGE
上手人用拏字訣。扣住下手人之棍。按於膝下。
A, use a grabbing action to cover B’s staff downward and push it below knee level.

四十九　漁翁撒網。
Photo 49: OLD FISHERMAN CASTS HIS NET
下手人抽棍。轉身。橫掃上手人之腿部。上手人豎棍。推開。
B, withdraw your staff, turning around, and sweep across toward A’s leg [waist]. A, with your staff vertical, push his staff away.

五十　再出岐山。
Photo 50: DEPARTING AGAIN FROM MT. QI
上手人趁勢用直劈法。下手人外掛。
A, continue by applying a chopping technique. B, send it outward with a hanging action.

五十一　平地翻車。第一動作。
Photo 51: THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 1
下手人用棍頭。斜砍上手人之頭部。上手人亦用棍頭攔住。
B, use the head of your staff to slash diagonally toward A’s head. A, also use the head of your staff to block it.

五十二　平地翻車。第二動作。
Photo 52: THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 2
二人均用張棍。互相對劈。
You both chop toward each other with a reaching-staff gesture.

五十三　平地翻車。定式。
Photo 53: THE CART OVERTURNING ON FLAT GROUND – Part 3
二人互用點刺法。
You are both stabbing toward each other.

五十四　罡風穿堂。第一動作。
Photo 54: A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 1
拎棍過門法。
This is like lifting a bar to open a gate.

五十五　罡風穿堂。第二動作。
Photo 55: A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 2
二人互相掃腿。亦第二過門式。
You are each sweeping toward your opponent’s leg. The movement is as though you are passing through the gate.

五十六　罡風穿堂。定式。
Photo 56: A STRONG WIND BLOWS THROUGH THE COURTYARD – Part 3
二人互刺腰脅。亦過門式。
Each of you, stab toward your opponent’s waist. It is still as though you are passing through the gate.

五十七　過關列陣。
Photo 57: PASSING THROUGH THE GATE IN FORMATION
互相對峙預備式。
Stand facing each other in preparation.

五十八　三路進兵。第一動作。
Photo 58: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 1
上手人用刺膝法。下手人向右撥開。（指身體右方而言以下仿此）
A, use a technique of stabbing to the knee. B, deflect it to the right of your body.

五十九　三路進兵。第二動作。
Photo 59: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 2
上手人仍用刺膝法。下手人閃身向左撥開。（指身體左方而言以下仿此）
A, again perform a stab to the knee. B, your body dodges [to the right] as you deflect A’s staff away to your left.

六十　三路進兵。三動作。
Photo 60: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 3
下手人用棍頭劈砸法。上手人以外掛應之。
B, use you the head of your staff to chop toward A. A, respond by hanging it aside.

六十一　三路進兵。第四動作。
Photo 61: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 4
上手人趁勢掉把。用棍頭戳。刺膝蓋法。下手人亦用棍頭向左撥開。
A, drop the tail of your staff down and use the head of your staff to stab toward B’s knee. B, use the head of your staff to deflect it to your left.

六十二　三路進兵。第五動作。
Photo 62: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 5
上手人抽棍。再用戳刺。膝蓋法。下手人亦用棍頭向右撥開。
A, withdraw your staff and again stab toward B’s knee. B, again use the head of your staff to deflect it, this time to your right [as you dodge to the left].

六十三　三路進兵。第六動作。
Photo 63: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 6
下手人用棍尾直劈上手人之顱頂。上手人用棍頭外掛。
B, use you the tail of your staff to chop toward A’s headtop. A, use the head of your staff to hang it aside.

六十四　三路進兵。第七動作。
Photo 64: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 7
上手人趁勢掉把。用棍尾刺膝法。下手人亦用棍尾向右撥開。
A, drop the head of your staff and use the tail of your staff to stab toward A’s knee. B, use the tail of your staff to deflect it to your right.

六十五　三路進兵。第八動作。
Photo 65: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 8
上手人仍用刺膝法。下手人閃身用棍尾向左撥開。
A, again perform a stab toward the knee. B, your body dodges [to the right] as you use the tail of your staff to deflect A’s staff away to the left.

六十六　三路進兵。定式。
Photo 66: MARCHING THE ARMY FORWARD THREE TIMES – Part 9
下手人用劈砸法。上手人則以外掛。應之。
B, chop toward A. A, respond by hanging it aside.

六十七　二將退敵。第一動作。
Photo 67: TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 1
下手人用棍頭戳刺。上手人之膝蓋。上手人用棍頭向左撥開。
B, use the head of your staff to stab toward A’s knee. A, use the head of your staff to deflect it to the left.

六十八　二將退敵。第二動作。
Photo 68: TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 2
下手人仍用戳刺膝蓋法。上手人閃身向右撥開。
B, stab again toward B’s knee. A, your body dodges [to the left] as you deflect to the right.

六十九　二將退敵。第三動作。
Photo 69: TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 3
上手人係用棍尾。直劈顱頂法。下手人用棍頭外掛。以應之。
A, use the tail of your staff to chop toward A’s headtop. B, respond by using the head of your staff to hang it aside.

七十　二將退敵。第四動作。
Photo 70: TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 4
下手掉把。用棍尾攉刺。上手人之膝部。上手人亦用棍尾向右撥開。
B, drop the head of your staff and use the tail to stab toward A’s leg. A, use the tail of your staff to deflect it to the right.

七十一　二將退敵。第五動作。
Photo 71: TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 5
下手人仍用刺膝法。上手人閃身向左撥開。
B, stab again toward B’s knee. A, your body dodges [to the right] as you deflect to the left.

七十二　二將退敵。定式。
Photo 72: TWO ENEMY GENERALS FEND EACH OTHER OFF – Part 6
上手人。係進步劈砸法。下手人用外掛以。應之。（以上凡此均掛字訣）
A, advance and chop. B, respond by using your staff to hang it aside (in the same manner as the previous hanging action [Posture 45.3]).

七十三　青龍回首。第一動作。
Photo 73: BLUE DRAGON TURNS ITS HEAD – Part 1
二人互相掃腿法。
You are each performing a technique of sweeping toward your opponent’s leg.

七十四　青龍回首。定式。
Photo 74: BLUE DRAGON TURNS ITS HEAD – Part 2
二人互相刺脅。亦過渡法。
You are each stabbing toward your opponent’s ribs. This is a transitional posture.

七十五　防守中原。
Photo 75: GUARDING THE CENTRAL PLAINS
過門。收式。
This serves as a closing posture.

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